Egypt was the first country in the Middle East to gain independence from colonial rule. It achieved independence from the British in 1922.

The main cause of the decolonization of the Middle East was the rise of nationalism. Nationalist movements emerged in the region in the early 20th century, and they played a key role in the struggle for independence.

World War II contributed to the decolonization of the Middle East in several ways. It weakened the colonial powers, inspired nationalist movements, and created a power vacuum that allowed new states to emerge.

The Cold War had a significant impact on the decolonization of the Middle East. It divided the region into two blocs, led to the rise of radical regimes, and increased the influence of the superpowers.

Oman was the last country in the Middle East to gain independence from colonial rule. It achieved independence from the British in 1971.

The newly independent states of the Middle East faced a number of challenges, including economic underdevelopment, political instability, and ethnic and religious conflicts.

The decolonization of the Middle East had a significant impact on the global balance of power. It weakened the Western powers, strengthened the non-aligned movement, and led to the rise of new regional powers.

The main legacy of the decolonization of the Middle East is the creation of new states. The region is now home to over 20 independent countries.

The Middle East today faces a number of ongoing challenges, including political instability, economic inequality, and religious extremism.

The international community can help to address the challenges facing the Middle East by promoting democracy and human rights, providing economic assistance, and supporting peace and reconciliation efforts.