Sputnik 1, launched by the Soviet Union in 1957, was the first artificial satellite to orbit Earth.

NASA, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, is the lead agency for the International Space Station (ISS) program.

The Falcon 9 is the first reusable spacecraft developed by SpaceX, capable of delivering payloads to orbit and returning to Earth for reuse.

The Hubble Space Telescope, launched in 1990, has revolutionized our understanding of the universe with its stunning images and scientific discoveries.

Viking 1, launched by NASA in 1975, was the first spacecraft to successfully land on Mars and return images and data from the Martian surface.

Voyager 2, launched in 1977, is the first and only spacecraft to have visited all four outer planets, providing valuable data and images of these distant worlds.

SpaceX, founded by Elon Musk, became the first private company to launch a spacecraft beyond Earth's orbit with its Falcon Heavy rocket in 2018.

The Planck Space Telescope, launched in 2009, is a European Space Agency mission designed to study the cosmic microwave background radiation, providing insights into the early universe.

Philae, a lander carried by the Rosetta spacecraft, became the first spacecraft to successfully land on a comet, Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, in 2014.

The Event Horizon Telescope, a collaboration of radio telescopes, captured the first image of a black hole's event horizon, providing groundbreaking insights into these enigmatic objects.

Mariner 10, launched in 1973, was the first spacecraft to successfully enter orbit around Mercury, providing valuable data and images of the innermost planet.

The James Webb Space Telescope, launched in 2021, is a next-generation space telescope designed to study the formation and evolution of galaxies in the early universe, as well as other astronomical objects.

Hayabusa, a Japanese spacecraft, became the first spacecraft to successfully land on an asteroid, Itokawa, in 2005, and returned samples of the asteroid to Earth.

Pioneer 10, launched in 1972, was the first spacecraft to successfully enter orbit around Jupiter, providing valuable data and images of the gas giant.

Venera 7, a Soviet spacecraft, became the first spacecraft to successfully land on Venus in 1970, transmitting data and images from the harsh Venusian surface.