The Paris Agreement is a legally binding international treaty on climate change. Its goal is to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees Celsius, preferably to 1.5 degrees Celsius, compared to pre-industrial levels.

A carbon tax is a tax levied on the emission of carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases. It is designed to encourage polluters to reduce their emissions by making them pay for the environmental damage they cause.

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is the federal agency responsible for regulating greenhouse gas emissions in the United States. It sets standards for emissions from power plants, vehicles, and other sources.

A cap-and-trade system is a market-based approach to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. It sets a limit on the total amount of emissions that can be emitted and allows companies to trade emission permits among themselves.

A renewable portfolio standard (RPS) is a government policy that requires electricity providers to generate a certain percentage of their electricity from renewable energy sources.

Governments can promote energy efficiency by setting energy efficiency standards for appliances and buildings, providing financial incentives for energy efficiency improvements, and educating the public about energy efficiency.

Governments can promote sustainable forest management by implementing policies such as Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD), Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) certification, and Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES).

Governments can support research and development of low-carbon technologies by providing funding, creating partnerships with industry and academia, and setting standards for low-carbon technologies.

Governments can reduce greenhouse gas emissions from transportation by implementing policies such as fuel efficiency standards, electric vehicle tax credits, and investment in public transportation.

Governments can promote sustainable agriculture practices by providing financial incentives, setting standards, and educating farmers about sustainable agriculture practices.

Governments can reduce greenhouse gas emissions from buildings by implementing policies such as energy efficiency standards for buildings, green building codes, and tax credits for energy-efficient renovations.

Governments can promote sustainable land use planning by implementing zoning regulations, land use planning policies, and public awareness campaigns.

Governments can reduce greenhouse gas emissions from industrial processes by implementing policies such as energy efficiency standards, carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies, and financial incentives for reducing industrial emissions.

Governments can promote sustainable consumption and production patterns by educating consumers, setting standards for sustainable products and services, and providing financial incentives for sustainable consumption and production.

Governments can reduce greenhouse gas emissions from waste management by implementing policies such as waste reduction and recycling programs, landfill gas capture and utilization, and waste-to-energy technologies.