Materialism, characterized by a strong emphasis on material possessions and wealth, has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to unhealthy behaviors and stress associated with acquiring and maintaining material goods.

Collectivist cultures prioritize the well-being of the group over individual needs and goals, emphasizing interdependence, cooperation, and social harmony.

Strong social support networks, characterized by close relationships, emotional closeness, and reciprocal support, have been found to be protective against depression.

Fatalism in health beliefs involves the perception that health outcomes are predetermined by fate or external forces, leading to a lack of personal agency and control over health.

Materialism, characterized by a strong emphasis on material possessions and wealth, has been linked to an increased risk of obesity due to unhealthy dietary habits, sedentary lifestyles, and stress associated with acquiring and maintaining material goods.

Cultural relativism in health research acknowledges that health beliefs and practices are shaped by cultural factors and should be understood within their specific cultural context.

Strong social support networks, characterized by close relationships, emotional closeness, and reciprocal support, have been found to be protective against chronic diseases due to positive health behaviors, stress reduction, and access to resources.

Health literacy involves the ability to access, understand, and use health information to make informed decisions about health care, including prevention, treatment, and self-management.

Materialism, characterized by a strong emphasis on material possessions and wealth, has been linked to an increased risk of mental health problems due to the pursuit of unrealistic goals, social comparison, and stress associated with acquiring and maintaining material goods.

Cultural competence in health care involves the ability of health care providers to understand and respond to the cultural beliefs, values, and practices of their patients in order to provide effective and respectful care.

Collectivist cultures, characterized by close social ties and interdependence, may have a higher risk of infectious diseases due to increased opportunities for transmission within the group.

Cultural humility in health care involves the recognition that one's own cultural beliefs and values may not be the same as those of one's patients, and the willingness to learn about and understand the cultural beliefs and values of one's patients in order to provide effective and respectful care.

Individualistic cultures, characterized by a focus on personal autonomy and independence, may have a higher risk of substance abuse due to a lack of social control and support.

Cultural safety in health care involves the creation of a healthcare environment that is respectful of and responsive to the cultural beliefs and values of patients, in order to provide care that is effective, equitable, and respectful.

Individualistic cultures, characterized by a focus on personal autonomy and independence, may have a higher risk of chronic pain due to a lack of social support and a tendency to internalize pain and suffering.