The Jumano were the first Native American tribe to inhabit the Pecos River Valley, arriving around 1000 CE.

Estevanico, a Moroccan explorer, was the first European to visit the Pecos River Valley in 1534.

San Elizario was the first Spanish settlement in the Pecos River Valley, founded in 1598.

The main economic activity of the early Spanish settlers in the Pecos River Valley was farming.

The Mexican War of Independence, which began in 1810, led to the decline of the Spanish Empire in the Pecos River Valley.

The United States acquired the Pecos River Valley as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848.

Fort Stockton was the first American settlement in the Pecos River Valley, founded in 1859.

The main economic activity of the early American settlers in the Pecos River Valley was ranching.

The construction of the railroad in the late 19th century led to the growth of the Pecos River Valley by connecting it to major markets.

The main economic activity of the Pecos River Valley in the early 20th century was oil production.

The Dust Bowl, a severe drought that occurred in the 1930s, led to the decline of the Pecos River Valley.

The main economic activity of the Pecos River Valley today is tourism.

Guadalupe Mountains National Park is located in the Pecos River Valley.

The Pecos River flows through the Pecos River Valley.

Odessa is the largest city in the Pecos River Valley.