The maternal immune system plays a crucial role in protecting the fetus from infection by producing antibodies and other immune cells that can target and eliminate pathogens.

T cells, particularly regulatory T cells (Tregs), play a key role in maintaining immune tolerance and preventing the rejection of the fetus during pregnancy.

Immune tolerance is the state in which the maternal immune system recognizes fetal antigens as self and does not mount an immune response against them.

HLA-G is a unique fetal antigen expressed on the surface of trophoblast cells and is recognized by maternal immune cells, contributing to the induction of immune tolerance.

Cytokines are signaling molecules that play a crucial role in regulating immune responses and tissue remodeling during pregnancy, promoting the growth and development of the fetus.

IL-10 is a key anti-inflammatory cytokine that plays a crucial role in promoting immune tolerance and suppressing inflammation during pregnancy.

The placenta plays a multifaceted role in the immunology of pregnancy, including producing hormones that suppress the maternal immune response, acting as a physical barrier, and facilitating the exchange of nutrients and waste products.

Progesterone is a key pregnancy-specific hormone that plays a crucial role in suppressing the maternal immune response and promoting immune tolerance.

Alloimmune thrombocytopenia is a condition in which the maternal immune system produces antibodies against fetal platelet antigens, leading to a decrease in fetal platelet count and potential bleeding complications.

HPA-1a is the most common fetal platelet antigen that can induce alloimmune thrombocytopenia in pregnant women who lack this antigen.

The primary treatment for alloimmune thrombocytopenia during pregnancy involves a combination of corticosteroids, IVIG therapy, and platelet transfusion to manage the condition and prevent severe complications.

Tregs play a crucial role in promoting immune tolerance and preventing the rejection of the fetus by suppressing the activation of other immune cells and maintaining immune balance.

Natural killer cells play a crucial role in the innate immune response during pregnancy by recognizing and destroying infected cells, including those infected with viruses or bacteria.

Alloimmune hemolytic anemia is a condition in which the maternal immune system produces antibodies against fetal red blood cell antigens, leading to the destruction of fetal red blood cells and potential complications for the fetus.

The Rh factor is the most common fetal red blood cell antigen that can induce alloimmune hemolytic anemia in pregnant women who lack this antigen.