Banksy, known for his provocative street art, often uses his work to address political and social issues, resulting in his arrest and imprisonment on multiple occasions.

Conceptual Art, which emerged in the 1960s and 1970s, challenged traditional notions of art by emphasizing the idea or concept behind the work rather than its physical form.

Kara Walker, known for her silhouette-based artworks, often addresses issues of identity, race, and gender, challenging societal norms and stereotypes through her thought-provoking pieces.

ACT UP (AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power) was an artist-led protest movement that emerged in the 1980s, using art and activism to raise awareness about the AIDS crisis and demand action from the government and pharmaceutical companies.

Ai Weiwei, a Chinese contemporary artist, is renowned for his large-scale installations and sculptures that often explore themes of power, control, and surveillance, challenging authority and advocating for social change.

Postmodernism, an artistic movement that emerged in the 1990s, challenged traditional notions of art and meaning by employing irony, humor, and appropriation to critique consumerism, mass media, and the commodification of art.

Wangechi Mutu, a Kenyan-American artist, often addresses issues of displacement, migration, and cultural identity in her work, challenging traditional notions of borders and belonging through her powerful and thought-provoking sculptures and installations.

New Media Art, which emerged in the early 2000s, utilizes digital technology and interactive media to create immersive and participatory art experiences, often challenging traditional notions of authorship and spectatorship.

JR, a French artist, is renowned for his large-scale murals and street art that often address issues of social justice, inequality, and human rights, using his work to raise awareness and spark conversations about these important topics.

Identity Art, which emerged in the 1970s, focused on identity politics and the exploration of personal and collective histories, often challenging traditional notions of representation and challenging dominant narratives.

Marina Abramović, a Serbian-born performance artist, is renowned for her powerful and provocative performances that often explore themes of trauma, vulnerability, and the body, pushing the boundaries of art and challenging traditional notions of spectatorship.

Fluxus, which emerged in the 1950s, rejected traditional artistic conventions and emphasized chance, spontaneity, and improvisation, often blurring the lines between art and life.

James Turrell, an American artist, is renowned for his large-scale sculptures and installations that often explore themes of time, space, and infinity, creating immersive and transformative experiences for viewers.

Arte Povera, which emerged in the 1960s, utilized everyday objects and materials to create art, challenging traditional notions of artistic value and materials.

Louise Bourgeois, a French-American artist, is renowned for her large-scale installations and sculptures that often explore themes of gender, identity, and the body, using powerful and evocative imagery to convey complex emotions and experiences.