The Yajurveda, one of the four Vedas, contains the earliest known systematic treatment of the decimal system.

Aryabhata, an Indian mathematician and astronomer, is credited with developing the concept of zero and the decimal system.

The Aryabhatiya, written by Aryabhata, contains the first known use of the symbol for zero.

Brahmagupta, an Indian mathematician and astronomer, is credited with developing the concept of negative numbers.

The Brahmasphutasiddhanta, written by Brahmagupta, contains the first known use of the Fibonacci sequence.

Aryabhata, an Indian mathematician and astronomer, is credited with developing the concept of the sine function.

The Brahmasphutasiddhanta, written by Brahmagupta, contains the first known use of the cosine function.

Bhaskara II, an Indian mathematician and astronomer, is credited with developing the concept of the tangent function.

The Siddhanta Shiromani, written by Bhaskara II, contains the first known use of the cotangent function.

The Siddhanta Shiromani, written by Bhaskara II, contains the first known use of the secant function.

The Siddhanta Shiromani, written by Bhaskara II, contains the first known use of the cosecant function.

The Aryabhatiya, written by Aryabhata, contains the first known use of the Pythagorean theorem.

The Brahmasphutasiddhanta, written by Brahmagupta, contains the first known use of the Heron's formula.

The Lilavati, written by Bhaskara II, contains the first known use of the Pascal's triangle.

The Brahmasphutasiddhanta, written by Brahmagupta, contains the first known use of the Fibonacci sequence.