The principle of beneficence requires healthcare professionals to take actions that are intended to benefit the patient and promote their overall well-being.

All of the actions listed are examples of beneficence because they are intended to benefit the patient and promote their well-being.

Beneficence and non-maleficence are complementary principles that work together to guide ethical decision-making in healthcare. Beneficence requires healthcare professionals to take actions that are intended to benefit the patient, while non-maleficence requires them to avoid actions that could cause harm.

All of the factors listed can pose challenges to implementing the principle of beneficence. Uncertainty about the best course of treatment can make it difficult to determine what actions will truly benefit the patient. Conflicting values among healthcare professionals and patients can lead to disagreements about what is in the patient's best interests. Limited resources can make it difficult to provide all of the care that a patient may need.

Healthcare professionals should consider all of the relevant ethical principles, including beneficence, autonomy, and justice, when making decisions about patient care. There is no one-size-fits-all approach, and the best decision will vary depending on the specific circumstances of the case.