Vitamin A, specifically in the form of retinol, is converted to retinal, which combines with opsin to form rhodopsin in the retina.

Lutein and zeaxanthin are carotenoids that accumulate in the macula of the retina, where they act as natural sunglasses, filtering harmful UV rays and protecting against oxidative damage.

Vitamin C is essential for the synthesis of collagen, a protein that provides structural integrity to the cornea.

The recommended daily intake of omega-3 fatty acids for optimal eye health is approximately 1000 mg, with a focus on DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid).

Vitamin B1 deficiency can lead to beriberi, a condition that affects multiple organ systems, including the eyes. Ocular manifestations of beriberi can include corneal ulcers, optic nerve atrophy, and nystagmus.

Leafy green vegetables, such as spinach, kale, and collard greens, are excellent sources of vitamin A in the form of beta-carotene, which is converted to retinol in the body.

Vitamin C is an antioxidant that helps protect the lens of the eye from oxidative damage, reducing the risk of cataract formation.

The recommended daily intake of vitamin E for eye health is approximately 400 IU.

Vitamin B2 deficiency can lead to ariboflavinosis, a condition that affects multiple organ systems, including the eyes. Ocular manifestations of ariboflavinosis can include corneal vascularization, photophobia, and decreased visual acuity.

Leafy green vegetables, such as spinach, kale, and collard greens, are excellent sources of lutein and zeaxanthin.

Vitamin A is essential for the proper functioning of the retina, particularly in the conversion of light signals into electrical signals.

The recommended daily intake of zinc for eye health is approximately 10 mg.

Vitamin B3 deficiency can lead to pellagra, a condition that affects multiple organ systems, including the eyes. Ocular manifestations of pellagra can include conjunctivitis, keratitis, and decreased visual acuity.

Fatty fish, such as salmon, tuna, and mackerel, are excellent sources of omega-3 fatty acids, particularly DHA and EPA.

Vitamin C is essential for the production of collagen, which is a major component of the cornea and sclera, providing structural support to the eye.