The development of printing occurred after the rise of universities, not before.

The primary purpose of universities in the Middle Ages was to provide a general education in the liberal arts, which included subjects such as grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music.

The establishment of the University of California system is not a major development in the history of higher education in the United States, as it is a state-level system rather than a national development.

Research in higher education serves multiple purposes, including advancing knowledge, training students in research methods, and providing a source of funding for universities.

The growth of the internet is not a social or political force that has impacted higher education, as it is a technological development.

The future of higher education is likely to be characterized by increased accessibility and affordability, a greater focus on research, and increased internationalization.

The need for more faculty diversity is not a challenge facing higher education today, as it is a goal that universities are working towards.

Philosophy in higher education serves multiple purposes, including developing critical thinking skills, promoting ethical reasoning, and providing a foundation for lifelong learning.

John Locke is not a major philosopher who has influenced the development of higher education, as his work is more focused on political philosophy than on education.

A liberal arts education serves multiple purposes, including providing a broad foundation of knowledge, developing critical thinking skills, and promoting ethical reasoning.

Vocational schools are not a major type of higher education institution in the United States, as they typically offer职业培训rather than a traditional higher education degree.

Accreditation in higher education serves multiple purposes, including ensuring that institutions meet certain quality standards, protecting students from fraud and abuse, and providing a way for institutions to demonstrate their legitimacy.

The decline of the tenure system is not a major trend in higher education today, as tenure is still a common practice at many institutions.

The future of higher education is likely to be characterized by increased accessibility and affordability, a greater focus on research, and increased internationalization.