Smudging is a blending technique that involves using a finger, a blending stump, or a tissue to spread and blend the graphite or charcoal on the paper.

Blending is used to create smooth transitions between different values and tones in a drawing, resulting in a more realistic and cohesive appearance.

Smudging is ideal for creating soft, ethereal effects because it allows for seamless blending and the creation of subtle transitions between tones.

Cross-hatching and hatching are both linear blending techniques, but they differ in the way the lines are applied. Cross-hatching uses two sets of parallel lines that intersect at right angles, while hatching uses only one set of parallel lines.

Hatching is often used to create a sense of depth in a drawing by varying the density and direction of the lines to create the illusion of light and shadow.

Stippling is a blending technique that involves applying small dots to create a textured effect in a drawing.

Hatching is ideal for creating sharp, defined edges because the parallel lines can be used to precisely control the boundaries of shapes and forms.

Blending with a blending stump creates a smoother finish because it allows for more precise and even distribution of the graphite or charcoal.

Smudging can be used to create a sense of movement in a drawing by blending and blurring the lines and tones to create a dynamic effect.

Cross-hatching is a blending technique that involves creating a network of intersecting lines to create a sense of depth and texture in a drawing.

Stippling is ideal for creating a realistic representation of fur or hair because the small dots can be used to create a sense of texture and depth.

Blending with a tortillon creates a smoother finish because it allows for more precise and even distribution of the graphite or charcoal.

Smudging can be used to create a sense of atmosphere or mood in a drawing by blending and blurring the lines and tones to create a soft and ethereal effect.

Hatching is a blending technique that involves creating a series of parallel lines to create a sense of depth and texture in a drawing.

Smudging is ideal for creating a sense of realism in a drawing because it allows for seamless blending and the creation of subtle transitions between tones.