Software architecture is the process of defining the structure, behavior, and relationships of the components of a software system. It provides a blueprint for the software's development and helps ensure that the system meets its requirements.

Microservices is an architectural style where an application is composed of small, independent services that communicate with each other over a network. This style is well-suited for building distributed systems as it allows for scalability, fault tolerance, and independent deployment of services.

Design patterns are well-known solutions to common problems in software design. They provide a blueprint for solving these problems in a structured and efficient manner, making software development more efficient and maintainable.

Modularity is an architectural principle that emphasizes the division of a software system into independent, self-contained modules. Each module has a specific responsibility and interacts with other modules through well-defined interfaces. This principle promotes loose coupling, maintainability, and reusability in software design.

A layered architecture organizes the software system into distinct layers, each with a specific responsibility. This layering allows for easier maintenance and extensibility as changes in one layer can be made without affecting other layers. It also promotes modularity and reusability of code.

Microservices is an architectural pattern where an application is composed of small, independent services that communicate with each other over a network. This pattern enables scalability, fault tolerance, and independent deployment of services, making it suitable for building highly scalable and fault-tolerant systems.

A software architecture review is a systematic examination of the software architecture to identify potential risks, vulnerabilities, and areas for improvement. It involves evaluating the architecture against various criteria, such as scalability, performance, security, and maintainability.

Event-Driven Architecture (EDA) is an architectural style where software components communicate with each other by exchanging events. This style is well-suited for building real-time systems as it allows for rapid response to events and enables loose coupling between components.

Performance tuning in software architecture aims to optimize the performance of the software system by identifying and eliminating bottlenecks, improving resource utilization, and optimizing algorithms and data structures. The goal is to enhance the responsiveness, speed, and efficiency of the software system.

Microservices is an architectural pattern where an application is composed of small, independent services that communicate with each other over a network. This pattern promotes loose coupling and independent deployment of services, making it easier to scale, maintain, and evolve the software system.

Cloud-native architecture is designed to take advantage of the benefits of cloud computing, such as elasticity, scalability, and pay-per-use pricing. By leveraging cloud services and technologies, cloud-native architectures can reduce infrastructure costs and improve scalability, allowing businesses to respond more effectively to changing demands.

Service Mesh is an architectural pattern that provides a dedicated infrastructure layer for managing and securing service-to-service communication in distributed systems. It enables features such as load balancing, service discovery, fault tolerance, and observability, helping to improve the availability and resilience of the system.

Software refactoring is the process of restructuring existing software code without changing its external behavior. The primary goal of refactoring is to improve the maintainability, readability, and extensibility of the code, making it easier to understand, modify, and extend in the future.

Layered Architecture is an architectural style where the system is organized into distinct layers, each with a specific responsibility. This layered approach allows for efficient communication between layers, resulting in high performance and low latency. It is commonly used in systems that require fast response times and high throughput.

A software architecture diagram is a graphical representation that illustrates the structure, components, and relationships of a software system. It provides a high-level overview of the system's design and helps stakeholders understand the system's architecture and how its components interact.