Hydropower harnesses the energy of flowing or falling water to generate electricity.

Geothermal power plants utilize heat from the Earth's interior, not water, to generate electricity.

Head is a crucial factor in determining the amount of power that can be generated by a hydropower plant.

Pumped-storage hydropower plants store energy by pumping water uphill during times of low demand and releasing it downhill through turbines during times of high demand.

Large-scale hydropower projects can disrupt natural water flows and fragment habitats, impacting aquatic ecosystems and biodiversity.

China is the global leader in hydropower generation, accounting for over a quarter of the world's total hydropower capacity.

Micro-hydro systems utilize small streams or flowing water sources to generate electricity on a decentralized scale.

Tidal hydropower plants utilize the rise and fall of ocean tides to generate electricity.

Hydropower is a reliable source of energy as it is not intermittent like solar or wind power.

Turbines are responsible for converting the kinetic energy of flowing water into mechanical energy.

Penstocks are pipes that control the flow of water into the turbine.

Run-of-the-river hydropower plants utilize the natural flow of a river to generate electricity without the need for a reservoir.

Large-scale hydropower projects can have significant environmental impacts, including habitat fragmentation and disruption of natural water flows.

Generators convert mechanical energy from the turbine into electrical energy.

Efficiency is a measure of the overall performance of a hydropower plant in converting water energy into electrical energy.