In Helvering v. Davis (1937), the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the Social Security Act, rejecting the argument that it was an unconstitutional exercise of federal power.

The primary purpose of the Social Security Act was to provide old-age, survivors, and disability insurance to eligible individuals.

In Gideon v. Wainwright (1963), the Supreme Court ruled that the Sixth Amendment right to counsel applies to all criminal cases, regardless of whether the defendant is indigent.

In King v. Burwell (2015), the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the Medicare program, ruling that the federal government could provide subsidies to individuals who purchase health insurance through state-run exchanges.

In Roe v. Wade (1973), the Supreme Court ruled that the right to privacy under the Fourteenth Amendment includes a woman's right to choose to have an abortion.

In NFIB v. Sebelius (2012), the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the Affordable Care Act, ruling that the individual mandate was a valid exercise of Congress's taxing power.

In Obergefell v. Hodges (2015), the Supreme Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment requires states to allow same-sex couples to marry.

In United States v. Windsor (2013), the Supreme Court struck down Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act, which defined marriage as a union between one man and one woman.

In Griswold v. Connecticut (1965), the Supreme Court ruled that the right to privacy under the Fourteenth Amendment includes a married couple's right to use contraception.

In South Carolina v. Katzenbach (1966), the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the Voting Rights Act, ruling that Congress had the power to enact legislation to protect the right to vote.

In Reynolds v. Sims (1964), the Supreme Court ruled that the one-person, one-vote principle applies to both houses of state legislatures.

In Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978), the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of affirmative action, ruling that race could be considered as a factor in admissions decisions.

In Brown v. Board of Education (1954), the Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation of public schools was unconstitutional.

In Board of Education of the Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley (1982), the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, ruling that states must provide a free appropriate public education to students with disabilities.

In Batson v. Kentucky (1986), the Supreme Court ruled that prosecutors cannot use peremptory challenges to exclude potential jurors based on their race.