Non-maleficence, or the principle of doing no harm, is the primary ethical principle that guides healthcare professionals in their decision-making. It requires them to take all reasonable steps to avoid causing harm to patients.

Autonomy, or the principle of respect for patient autonomy, emphasizes the importance of respecting a patient's right to make decisions about their own healthcare. It requires healthcare professionals to provide patients with the information they need to make informed decisions and to respect their choices, even if they disagree with them.

Beneficence, or the principle of doing good, requires healthcare professionals to act in the best interests of their patients. It requires them to take all reasonable steps to benefit their patients and to avoid causing them harm.

Justice, or the principle of fairness and equity, emphasizes the importance of fairness and equity in the distribution of healthcare resources. It requires healthcare professionals to ensure that all patients have access to the care they need, regardless of their ability to pay or other factors.

Veracity, or the principle of truthfulness, requires healthcare professionals to be honest and transparent with their patients. It requires them to provide patients with accurate information about their condition, treatment options, and prognosis, and to answer their questions honestly.

Confidentiality, or the principle of respect for patient privacy, emphasizes the importance of respecting a patient's privacy and confidentiality. It requires healthcare professionals to keep patient information confidential and to only share it with others with the patient's consent.

Informed consent, or the principle of obtaining a patient's consent before providing treatment, requires healthcare professionals to obtain a patient's informed consent before providing treatment. This means that the patient must be provided with all the information they need to make an informed decision about their treatment, including the risks, benefits, and alternatives.

Cultural sensitivity, or the principle of respecting a patient's cultural and religious beliefs, emphasizes the importance of respecting a patient's cultural and religious beliefs. It requires healthcare professionals to be aware of and respectful of a patient's cultural and religious beliefs and to provide care that is consistent with those beliefs.

Justice, or the principle of fairness and equity, requires healthcare professionals to be fair and just in their allocation of resources. It requires them to ensure that all patients have access to the care they need, regardless of their ability to pay or other factors.

Right to refuse treatment, or the principle of respecting a patient's right to refuse treatment, emphasizes the importance of respecting a patient's right to refuse treatment. It requires healthcare professionals to respect a patient's decision to refuse treatment, even if they disagree with it.

Evidence-based practice, or the principle of providing care that is based on the best available evidence, requires healthcare professionals to provide care that is based on the best available evidence. It requires them to use the latest research and evidence to inform their clinical decisions.

Right to die, or the principle of respecting a patient's right to make decisions about their own end-of-life care, emphasizes the importance of respecting a patient's right to make decisions about their own end-of-life care. It requires healthcare professionals to respect a patient's decision to end their life, even if they disagree with it.

Accountability, or the principle of being accountable for one's actions, requires healthcare professionals to be accountable for their actions. It requires them to take responsibility for their decisions and to be open to scrutiny and criticism.

Confidentiality, or the principle of respecting a patient's privacy and confidentiality, emphasizes the importance of respecting a patient's privacy and confidentiality. It requires healthcare professionals to keep patient information confidential and to only share it with others with the patient's consent.

Justice, or the principle of fairness and equity, requires healthcare professionals to be fair and just in their allocation of resources. It requires them to ensure that all patients have access to the care they need, regardless of their ability to pay or other factors.