Diesel locomotives emit a variety of pollutants, including particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur oxides, which can contribute to air quality problems such as smog and acid rain.

Railroad noise pollution can have a variety of negative effects on wildlife, including disrupting mating and nesting behaviors, causing hearing loss, and leading to increased stress levels.

Habitat fragmentation is the breaking up of a habitat into smaller and smaller pieces, which can be caused by a variety of factors, including railroad construction.

Habitat fragmentation can have a variety of negative effects on wildlife, including reducing the amount of food and shelter available, making it more difficult to find mates, and increasing the risk of predation.

There are a variety of ways to reduce the environmental impact of railroads, including using cleaner-burning locomotives, installing noise barriers, and creating wildlife corridors.