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Cultural Relativism: A Challenge to Cultural Ethnocentrism

Description: Cultural Relativism: A Challenge to Cultural Ethnocentrism
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: cultural relativism cultural ethnocentrism anthropology sociology
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What is the central idea of cultural relativism?

  1. Cultures are absolute and unchanging.

  2. Cultures are relative to their own context and should be understood on their own terms.

  3. Cultures are superior or inferior to each other.

  4. Cultures are static and do not evolve over time.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cultural relativism emphasizes that cultures are not inherently good or bad, but rather should be understood within their own historical, social, and environmental contexts.

Which anthropologist is most closely associated with the development of cultural relativism?

  1. Franz Boas

  2. Bronislaw Malinowski

  3. Margaret Mead

  4. Claude Levi-Strauss


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Franz Boas is considered the father of American anthropology and is credited with developing the concept of cultural relativism.

What is the opposite of cultural relativism?

  1. Cultural universalism

  2. Cultural determinism

  3. Cultural evolutionism

  4. Cultural diffusionism


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Cultural universalism is the belief that there are certain universal cultural traits that are shared by all cultures.

How does cultural relativism challenge cultural ethnocentrism?

  1. It argues that one culture is superior to another.

  2. It emphasizes the importance of understanding cultures on their own terms.

  3. It promotes the idea that cultures are static and unchanging.

  4. It encourages people to judge other cultures based on their own cultural values.


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Cultural relativism challenges cultural ethnocentrism by arguing that cultures should be understood within their own context and that there is no one right way to live.

What are some of the criticisms of cultural relativism?

  1. It is too relativistic and ignores the existence of universal moral values.

  2. It is too static and does not account for cultural change.

  3. It is too focused on individual cultures and ignores the interconnectedness of the world.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cultural relativism has been criticized for being too relativistic, too static, and too focused on individual cultures.

How can cultural relativism be applied to real-world situations?

  1. It can help us to understand and appreciate different cultures.

  2. It can help us to resolve conflicts between different cultures.

  3. It can help us to develop more effective policies and programs that are sensitive to cultural differences.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cultural relativism can be applied to real-world situations in a variety of ways, including helping us to understand and appreciate different cultures, resolve conflicts between different cultures, and develop more effective policies and programs.

What are some examples of cultural relativism in practice?

  1. The acceptance of polygamy in some cultures.

  2. The practice of female genital mutilation in some cultures.

  3. The consumption of dog meat in some cultures.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cultural relativism in practice can include the acceptance of polygamy in some cultures, the practice of female genital mutilation in some cultures, and the consumption of dog meat in some cultures.

How can we balance the principles of cultural relativism with the need to protect human rights?

  1. We should always prioritize cultural relativism over human rights.

  2. We should always prioritize human rights over cultural relativism.

  3. We should find a balance between the two.

  4. We should ignore both cultural relativism and human rights.


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Finding a balance between cultural relativism and the need to protect human rights is a complex challenge, but it is essential to ensure that both are respected.

What are some of the challenges to implementing cultural relativism in a globalized world?

  1. The increasing interconnectedness of the world.

  2. The rise of nationalism and xenophobia.

  3. The spread of Western culture.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Implementing cultural relativism in a globalized world faces a number of challenges, including the increasing interconnectedness of the world, the rise of nationalism and xenophobia, and the spread of Western culture.

How can we promote cultural relativism in a globalized world?

  1. By educating people about different cultures.

  2. By promoting tolerance and understanding between different cultures.

  3. By encouraging people to travel and experience different cultures.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Promoting cultural relativism in a globalized world requires educating people about different cultures, promoting tolerance and understanding between different cultures, and encouraging people to travel and experience different cultures.

What is the future of cultural relativism?

  1. It will become more important as the world becomes more globalized.

  2. It will become less important as the world becomes more homogenized.

  3. It will remain a controversial topic.

  4. It will disappear altogether.


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

As the world becomes more globalized, it is increasingly important to understand and appreciate different cultures.

In what ways can cultural relativism be used to promote peace and understanding among different cultures?

  1. By encouraging people to learn about and appreciate other cultures.

  2. By promoting tolerance and respect for different cultural practices.

  3. By fostering dialogue and communication between people from different cultures.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cultural relativism can be used to promote peace and understanding among different cultures by encouraging people to learn about and appreciate other cultures, promoting tolerance and respect for different cultural practices, and fostering dialogue and communication between people from different cultures.

How can cultural relativism be used to challenge stereotypes and prejudices about other cultures?

  1. By exposing people to accurate information about other cultures.

  2. By promoting contact between people from different cultures.

  3. By encouraging people to critically examine their own cultural assumptions.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cultural relativism can be used to challenge stereotypes and prejudices about other cultures by exposing people to accurate information about other cultures, promoting contact between people from different cultures, and encouraging people to critically examine their own cultural assumptions.

What are some of the limitations of cultural relativism?

  1. It can be used to justify harmful cultural practices.

  2. It can lead to a lack of accountability for human rights abuses.

  3. It can make it difficult to communicate across cultures.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Cultural relativism can be used to justify harmful cultural practices, lead to a lack of accountability for human rights abuses, and make it difficult to communicate across cultures.

How can we balance the principles of cultural relativism with the need to promote human rights?

  1. By developing a universal set of human rights standards.

  2. By working to change cultural practices that violate human rights.

  3. By promoting education and dialogue about human rights.

  4. All of the above.


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Balancing the principles of cultural relativism with the need to promote human rights requires developing a universal set of human rights standards, working to change cultural practices that violate human rights, and promoting education and dialogue about human rights.

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