Face-centered cubic (FCC) is the most common crystal structure found in metals because it maximizes the number of nearest neighbors and allows for efficient packing of atoms.

The energy bandgap in a semiconductor is the difference between the valence band and the conduction band. It determines the electrical properties of the semiconductor.

Thermal conductivity in solids is primarily due to the conduction of heat by phonons, which are quantized lattice vibrations.

Anisotropy is the phenomenon in which a material exhibits different magnetic properties depending on the direction of the applied magnetic field.

The critical temperature below which a material becomes superconducting is called the transition temperature.

Metal-insulator transition is the phenomenon in which a material exhibits a sudden change in its electrical resistance at a specific temperature.

In a semiconductor, electrons and holes are the primary charge carriers that contribute to electrical conduction.

Ferromagnetism is the phenomenon in which a material exhibits a spontaneous magnetization below a certain temperature.

Diamagnetism is the phenomenon in which a material exhibits a negative magnetization when subjected to an external magnetic field.

Paramagnetism is the phenomenon in which a material exhibits a positive magnetization when subjected to an external magnetic field.

Antiferromagnetism is the phenomenon in which a material exhibits a spontaneous magnetization that alternates in direction between adjacent atoms.

The Curie temperature is the temperature at which a material undergoes a sudden change in its magnetic properties.

Superconductivity is the phenomenon in which a material exhibits a sudden change in its electrical properties at a specific temperature.

Phase transition is the phenomenon in which a material exhibits a sudden change in its thermal properties at a specific temperature.