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The Psychology of Economic Justice

Description: This quiz assesses your understanding of the psychology of economic justice, which explores how individuals perceive and respond to economic inequality and fairness.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: economic psychology economic justice fairness inequality
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Which psychological concept refers to the tendency for individuals to favor outcomes that benefit themselves or their group, even at the expense of others?

  1. Self-interest

  2. Altruism

  3. Social Identity Theory

  4. Equity Theory


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Self-interest is the psychological tendency for individuals to prioritize their own well-being and interests over those of others.

According to Social Identity Theory, individuals tend to categorize themselves and others into social groups. What is the psychological process by which individuals seek to maintain a positive self-image and enhance their social identity?

  1. Social Comparison

  2. Self-Enhancement

  3. Social Identity Maintenance

  4. Cognitive Dissonance


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Social Identity Maintenance refers to the psychological process by which individuals strive to maintain a positive self-image and enhance their social identity through favorable comparisons with others.

In the context of economic justice, what does the concept of 'distributive fairness' refer to?

  1. The allocation of resources based on merit

  2. The allocation of resources based on need

  3. The allocation of resources based on equality

  4. The allocation of resources based on social status


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Distributive fairness refers to the perception that resources are allocated equitably among individuals or groups.

Which psychological principle suggests that individuals tend to perceive outcomes as fairer when they are determined by procedures that are seen as fair, regardless of the actual distribution of outcomes?

  1. Procedural Justice

  2. Distributive Justice

  3. Equity Theory

  4. Social Identity Theory


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Procedural Justice emphasizes the importance of fair and transparent procedures in determining the fairness of outcomes.

According to Equity Theory, individuals strive to maintain a sense of fairness in their relationships by comparing their inputs (e.g., effort, resources) and outcomes (e.g., rewards, recognition) with those of others. What is the psychological state that results when individuals perceive an imbalance between their inputs and outcomes?

  1. Cognitive Dissonance

  2. Social Identity Threat

  3. Equity Imbalance

  4. Procedural Injustice


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Equity Imbalance refers to the psychological state that arises when individuals perceive a discrepancy between their inputs and outcomes compared to others, leading to feelings of unfairness.

What is the psychological phenomenon that occurs when individuals tend to attribute their successes to internal factors (e.g., skill, effort) and their failures to external factors (e.g., bad luck, unfair circumstances)?

  1. Self-Serving Bias

  2. Fundamental Attribution Error

  3. Confirmation Bias

  4. Illusory Correlation


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Self-Serving Bias is the tendency for individuals to attribute their successes to internal factors and their failures to external factors, maintaining a positive self-image.

In the context of economic justice, what does the concept of 'meritocracy' refer to?

  1. A system where individuals are rewarded based on their social status

  2. A system where individuals are rewarded based on their wealth

  3. A system where individuals are rewarded based on their effort and talent

  4. A system where individuals are rewarded based on their political connections


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Meritocracy refers to a system where individuals are rewarded based on their effort, talent, and skills, rather than factors such as social status or wealth.

Which psychological principle suggests that individuals tend to perceive outcomes as fairer when they are seen as the result of individual effort and merit, rather than luck or arbitrary factors?

  1. Equity Theory

  2. Procedural Justice

  3. Distributive Justice

  4. Desert Theory


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Desert Theory emphasizes the importance of individual effort and merit in determining the fairness of outcomes.

What is the psychological phenomenon that occurs when individuals tend to favor outcomes that benefit their in-group (e.g., their family, friends, or social group) over outcomes that benefit out-group members?

  1. Social Identity Theory

  2. Self-Interest

  3. Altruism

  4. Cognitive Dissonance


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Social Identity Theory suggests that individuals tend to favor outcomes that benefit their in-group, as it enhances their social identity and sense of belonging.

According to Prospect Theory, how do individuals tend to evaluate gains and losses differently?

  1. They weigh gains more heavily than losses

  2. They weigh losses more heavily than gains

  3. They evaluate gains and losses equally

  4. They evaluate gains and losses based on their absolute value


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Prospect Theory suggests that individuals tend to weigh losses more heavily than gains, leading to a greater emotional impact of losses compared to gains.

What is the psychological phenomenon that occurs when individuals tend to perceive outcomes as fairer when they are seen as the result of a fair process, even if the actual distribution of outcomes is unequal?

  1. Procedural Justice

  2. Distributive Justice

  3. Equity Theory

  4. Social Identity Theory


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Procedural Justice emphasizes the importance of fair and transparent procedures in determining the fairness of outcomes.

Which psychological principle suggests that individuals tend to perceive outcomes as fairer when they are seen as the result of individual effort and merit, rather than luck or arbitrary factors?

  1. Equity Theory

  2. Procedural Justice

  3. Distributive Justice

  4. Desert Theory


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Desert Theory emphasizes the importance of individual effort and merit in determining the fairness of outcomes.

What is the psychological phenomenon that occurs when individuals tend to favor outcomes that benefit their in-group (e.g., their family, friends, or social group) over outcomes that benefit out-group members?

  1. Social Identity Theory

  2. Self-Interest

  3. Altruism

  4. Cognitive Dissonance


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Social Identity Theory suggests that individuals tend to favor outcomes that benefit their in-group, as it enhances their social identity and sense of belonging.

According to Prospect Theory, how do individuals tend to evaluate gains and losses differently?

  1. They weigh gains more heavily than losses

  2. They weigh losses more heavily than gains

  3. They evaluate gains and losses equally

  4. They evaluate gains and losses based on their absolute value


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Prospect Theory suggests that individuals tend to weigh losses more heavily than gains, leading to a greater emotional impact of losses compared to gains.

Which psychological principle suggests that individuals tend to perceive outcomes as fairer when they are seen as the result of a fair process, even if the actual distribution of outcomes is unequal?

  1. Procedural Justice

  2. Distributive Justice

  3. Equity Theory

  4. Social Identity Theory


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Procedural Justice emphasizes the importance of fair and transparent procedures in determining the fairness of outcomes.

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