Gautama Buddha, also known as Siddhartha Gautama, is the founder of Buddhism. He was born in Lumbini, Nepal, in the 6th century BCE.

The Four Noble Truths are the foundation of Buddhism. They state that life is suffering, the cause of suffering is attachment, the end of suffering is nirvana, and the path to nirvana is the Eightfold Path.

The Eightfold Path is the path to nirvana. It consists of eight practices: right understanding, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right concentration.

Karma is the law of cause and effect. It states that every action has a corresponding reaction, and that the actions of a person in this life will determine their fate in the next life.

Rebirth is the process of being born again and again. It is a central belief in Buddhism, and is based on the idea that karma determines the conditions of a person's next life.

Nirvana is the ultimate goal of Buddhism. It is the state of enlightenment, in which a person is free from suffering and the cycle of rebirth.

The three marks of existence are dukkha (suffering), anatta (no-self), and anicca (impermanence). They are fundamental to the Buddhist understanding of reality.

The bodhisattva ideal is the ideal of a person who strives to attain enlightenment for the benefit of all beings. Bodhisattvas are compassionate beings who postpone their own nirvana in order to help others.

The Mahayana school of Buddhism is a school of Buddhism that emphasizes the bodhisattva ideal. Mahayana Buddhists believe that all beings have the potential to become Buddhas, and that the bodhisattva ideal is the path to enlightenment.

The Theravada school of Buddhism is a school of Buddhism that emphasizes the importance of meditation. Theravada Buddhists believe that the path to enlightenment is through meditation and the development of insight.

The Vajrayana school of Buddhism is a school of Buddhism that emphasizes the importance of ritual. Vajrayana Buddhists believe that rituals can be used to accelerate the path to enlightenment.

The Abhidhamma Pitaka is the third basket of the Pali Canon, the sacred scriptures of Theravada Buddhism. It contains a detailed analysis of the Buddha's teachings on psychology and metaphysics.

The Vinaya Pitaka is the second basket of the Pali Canon, the sacred scriptures of Theravada Buddhism. It contains the rules and regulations for monastic life.

The Sutta Pitaka is the first basket of the Pali Canon, the sacred scriptures of Theravada Buddhism. It contains the discourses of the Buddha.