P. C. Mahalanobis is widely regarded as the father of Indian statistics for his pioneering work in the field.

The Mahalanobis distance is a statistical measure of the distance between two populations, taking into account the correlations between variables.

C. R. Rao is renowned for his work in multivariate analysis, particularly in the areas of discriminant analysis and principal component analysis.

R. C. Bose is credited with developing the concept of orthogonal arrays, which are used in experimental design and coding theory.

Roy's test is a statistical test used to determine whether two or more populations have equal variances.

D. D. Joshi is recognized for his contributions to sequential analysis, a statistical method for making decisions based on a sequence of observations.

Ghosh's estimator is a statistical method for estimating the mean of a population that is more efficient than the sample mean in certain situations.

Pranab Kumar Sen is renowned for his contributions to nonparametric statistics, particularly in the areas of rank tests and goodness-of-fit tests.

Gupta's distribution is a statistical distribution used to model the distribution of order statistics, which are the values obtained by arranging a set of random variables in ascending or descending order.

Jayanta K. Ghosh is recognized for his contributions to Bayesian statistics, particularly in the areas of Bayesian inference and decision theory.

Varadhan's lemma is a result in probability theory that provides a lower bound for the probability of large deviations of a random variable from its mean.

R. N. Bhattacharya is renowned for his contributions to stochastic processes, particularly in the areas of Markov processes and diffusion processes.

Rohatgi's distribution is a statistical distribution used to model the distribution of extreme values, such as the maximum or minimum value in a set of random variables.

G. K. Kanji is recognized for his contributions to statistical quality control, particularly in the areas of process capability analysis and acceptance sampling.

Gore's distribution is a statistical distribution used to model the distribution of spacings, which are the differences between consecutive order statistics.