Fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, are formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals and are considered non-renewable as they take millions of years to form.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the primary greenhouse gas emitted by the burning of fossil fuels, contributing to the greenhouse effect and global warming.

Solar energy has experienced the most significant growth in recent years due to advancements in technology and declining costs, making it a more accessible and affordable option.

Energy efficiency refers to the use of less energy to perform the same task or achieve the same level of output.

Nuclear energy is considered reliable and dispatchable as it can generate electricity continuously, regardless of weather conditions or time of day.

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) involves capturing carbon dioxide from industrial sources or the atmosphere and storing it underground or in geological formations.

Solar energy is often used to generate electricity, which can then be used to produce hydrogen fuel through a process called electrolysis.

Chemical energy is the energy stored in the chemical bonds of molecules and can be released through chemical reactions.

Uranium is the primary energy source used in nuclear power plants, where it undergoes nuclear fission to release energy.

Energy conversion is the process of changing one form of energy into another, such as converting electrical energy into mechanical energy or chemical energy into electrical energy.

Hydroelectric power plants use the energy of flowing or falling water to generate electricity.

Kinetic energy is the energy stored in the motion of objects and is proportional to the mass of the object and the square of its velocity.

Geothermal power plants use the heat from the Earth's interior to generate electricity.

Potential energy is the energy stored in the position or configuration of an object and depends on factors such as height, position, and elastic deformation.

Wind power plants use the energy of moving air to generate electricity.