Aryabhata (476-550 CE) is widely regarded as the father of Indian astronomy. He made significant contributions to the field, including the development of the Aryabhata system, which provided a comprehensive framework for astronomical calculations.

Aryabhata was the first Indian astronomer to propose the heliocentric model of the solar system, in which the Earth and other planets revolve around the Sun. This theory was later developed and refined by other Indian astronomers, such as Bhaskara II.

The astrolabe is an astronomical instrument that was developed by Indian astronomers in the 5th century CE. It is used to measure the altitude of celestial objects, such as the Sun, Moon, and stars, and can be used for various astronomical calculations.

Varahamihira (505-587 CE) developed the system of planetary periods known as the 'dasha system'. This system is based on the belief that the position of planets at the time of a person's birth influences their life and destiny.

Jantar Mantar is an ancient Indian astronomical observatory located in Delhi, India. It was built by Maharaja Jai Singh II in the 18th century and consists of a collection of architectural structures designed for astronomical observations.

Varahamihira developed the concept of 'grahas' or planetary influences in astrology. He believed that the position of planets at the time of a person's birth influences their life and destiny.

Surya Siddhanta is an ancient Indian astronomical text that contains detailed descriptions of astronomical instruments and observations. It is believed to have been written by an astronomer named Latadeva in the 5th century CE.

Brahmagupta (598-668 CE) developed the concept of 'ayanamsa' or the precession of the equinoxes. He calculated the rate of precession and used it to correct astronomical calculations.

Ujjain Observatory is an ancient Indian astronomical observatory located in Ujjain, India. It was built by Raja Bhoj in the 11th century and was used for astronomical observations and calculations.

Varahamihira developed the concept of 'ashtakavarga' or the eightfold division of the zodiac. He used this system to analyze the influence of planets on a person's life and destiny.

Surya Siddhanta contains a detailed description of the solar eclipse of 535 CE. This description is considered to be one of the most accurate and detailed records of a solar eclipse in ancient history.

Varahamihira developed the concept of 'nakshatras' or lunar mansions. He identified 27 nakshatras and associated them with various deities and symbols.

Nalanda Observatory is an ancient Indian astronomical observatory located in Nalanda, India. It was built in the 5th century CE and was used for astronomical observations and calculations.

Varahamihira developed the concept of 'panchanga' or the five limbs of astrology. These five limbs include tithi (lunar day), vara (weekday), nakshatra (lunar mansion), yoga (planetary combination), and karana (half-day).

Takshashila Observatory is an ancient Indian astronomical observatory located in Takshashila, India. It was built in the 5th century BCE and was used for astronomical observations and calculations.