Power quality management focuses on maintaining a consistent and stable supply of electrical power to prevent disruptions, equipment damage, and ensure the reliable operation of electrical systems.

Voltage sags can be caused by a sudden increase in load demand, short-circuit faults on transmission lines, lightning strikes, and other disturbances that result in a temporary drop in voltage.

Voltage flicker refers to the rapid fluctuations in voltage magnitude that can cause noticeable changes in the brightness of lighting or the speed of rotating machinery.

Voltage harmonics are sinusoidal components of voltage at frequencies that are multiples of the fundamental frequency, typically caused by non-linear loads or power electronic devices.

Energy efficiency measures aim to minimize energy consumption while maintaining or improving the level of service or performance provided by electrical equipment or systems.

LEDs are highly energy-efficient lighting technology that consumes significantly less energy compared to incandescent bulbs or CFLs while providing similar or better lighting performance.

Efficiency is the ratio of the useful energy output of a system to the energy input, expressed as a percentage.

Using energy-efficient appliances, improving insulation, and installing programmable thermostats are all effective energy-saving measures that can reduce energy consumption in buildings.

Voltage regulation refers to the ability of a power system to maintain a constant voltage level at the point of delivery, despite variations in load demand or disturbances.

Power outages can be caused by equipment failures, natural disasters such as storms or earthquakes, human error during maintenance or operation, or a combination of these factors.

A ground fault occurs when current flows through an unintended path to the ground, typically due to insulation failure or a direct connection between a live conductor and the grounding system.

Using variable speed drives, implementing energy management systems, and optimizing lighting systems are all effective energy-efficient practices that can reduce energy consumption in industrial settings.

Power factor is the ratio of the real power (the power that does useful work) to the apparent power (the product of voltage and current) in an electrical circuit.

Voltage spikes can be caused by lightning strikes, switching operations, short-circuit faults, and other disturbances that result in a sudden increase in voltage.

Resilience refers to the ability of a system to withstand and recover from disturbances or faults, minimizing the impact on its operation and performance.