An aging population refers to the situation where the proportion of older people (typically defined as those aged 65 and above) in a population is increasing.

As people age, they are more likely to experience health problems, which can lead to increased healthcare costs. This can put a strain on government budgets.

Migration refers to the movement of people from one place to another, either within a country or across borders.

Migration can have a variety of consequences, both positive and negative. It can lead to increased cultural diversity, economic inequality, and social unrest, depending on the specific circumstances.

Urbanization refers to the process by which people move from rural areas to urban areas.

Urbanization can have a variety of consequences, both positive and negative. It can lead to increased economic growth, air pollution, and traffic congestion, depending on the specific circumstances.

Educational attainment refers to the level of education that a person has completed.

Education can have a variety of positive consequences, including increased economic opportunities, social mobility, and political participation.

Economic inequality, income inequality, and wealth inequality all refer to the unequal distribution of income and wealth in a society.

Economic inequality can have a variety of negative consequences, including increased social unrest, crime, and poverty.

The demographic-economic link, demographic-inequality nexus, and demographic-economic relationship all refer to the relationship between demographic change and economic inequality.

Demographic change can affect economic inequality through a variety of mechanisms, including changes in the labor force, government spending, and social norms.

Income polarization refers to the situation where the income gap between the rich and the poor is increasing.

Income polarization can lead to increased social unrest and political instability.

Wealth polarization refers to the situation where the wealth gap between the rich and the poor is increasing.

Wealth polarization can lead to increased social unrest and political instability.