While climate change may have indirect effects on language through its impact on human populations and migration patterns, it is not a direct factor that is likely to influence the structure or evolution of language itself.

Technology is likely to have a multifaceted impact on the future of language. It can facilitate the creation of new languages through machine translation and other language-processing tools, contribute to the extinction of some languages due to the dominance of a few major languages online, and make it easier for people to learn new languages through online resources and language-learning apps.

Language evolution, language drift, and language change are all terms used to describe the process by which languages change over time. These changes can occur in the sounds, grammar, or vocabulary of a language.

Language evolution can manifest in various ways, including the development of new words to describe new concepts, the loss of grammatical features that are no longer necessary, and changes in the pronunciation of words over time.

Language convergence refers to the process by which languages that are in contact with each other begin to share more and more features, such as vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation.

Language convergence can occur through various mechanisms, including the development of pidgins and creoles, the spread of a dominant language, and the influence of one language on another through contact.

Language divergence refers to the process by which languages that are related to each other begin to develop different features, such as vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation, over time.

Language divergence can manifest in various ways, including the development of different dialects within a language, the evolution of a language into multiple distinct languages, and the emergence of new languages from a common ancestor.

Historical linguistics, comparative linguistics, and diachronic linguistics are all terms used to describe the study of language change over time.

The comparative method, the internal reconstruction method, and the glottochronological method are all methods used in historical linguistics to study language change.

Sociolinguistics, anthropological linguistics, and cultural linguistics are all terms used to describe the study of the relationship between language and society.

Sociolinguistics studies various aspects of the relationship between language and society, including language variation, language and social class, and language and gender.

Cultural linguistics, anthropological linguistics, and ethnolinguistics are all terms used to describe the study of the relationship between language and culture.

Cultural linguistics studies various aspects of the relationship between language and culture, including language and ritual, language and mythology, and language and taboo.

Neurolinguistics, cognitive linguistics, and psycholinguistics are all terms used to describe the study of the relationship between language and the brain.

Neurolinguistics studies various aspects of the relationship between language and the brain, including the neural basis of language comprehension, the neural basis of language production, and the neural basis of language acquisition.