Tribal advocacy aims to uphold the rights of indigenous communities to govern themselves, make decisions about their lands and resources, and preserve their unique cultures and traditions.

Adopted in 2007, the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples sets out a comprehensive framework of rights for indigenous communities, including the right to self-determination, cultural identity, and traditional lands.

Free, prior, and informed consent is a fundamental right of indigenous communities to have a say in decisions that may affect their lands, territories, and resources, and to give or withhold their consent to such decisions.

The Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, also known as the Wheeler-Howard Act, was a landmark legislation that aimed to restore tribal sovereignty, promote economic development, and protect cultural heritage among Native American tribes in the United States.

Tribal courts play a crucial role in upholding tribal rights and sovereignty by resolving disputes, enforcing tribal laws, and protecting cultural practices and traditions within indigenous communities.

Established in 2000, the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues is a body within the United Nations system that provides a platform for indigenous peoples to share their concerns, experiences, and recommendations on issues affecting their rights and well-being.

Traditional knowledge encompasses the knowledge, practices, and beliefs that indigenous communities have developed over generations, including ecological knowledge, cultural practices, and spiritual beliefs. It is recognized and protected under international law, and plays a vital role in tribal advocacy efforts.

The International Labour Organization Convention 169, also known as the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, is a landmark international treaty that sets out comprehensive rights for indigenous and tribal peoples, including the right to self-determination, land rights, and cultural identity.

The Doctrine of Discovery is a legal principle that was used by European colonizers to justify the acquisition of indigenous lands and resources. It is based on the idea that non-Christian lands were 'terra nullius' (empty land) and could be claimed by Christian nations.

Cultural relativism is a concept that recognizes and respects the diversity of cultural values, beliefs, and practices across different societies. In tribal advocacy, it emphasizes the importance of understanding and respecting indigenous cultural heritage and traditions.

The American Indian Religious Freedom Act of 1978 is a U.S. federal law that protects and preserves the religious and cultural rights of Native Americans, including their right to access and use traditional sacred sites for religious purposes.

Indigenous knowledge systems encompass the traditional knowledge, practices, and beliefs of indigenous communities. They provide valuable insights into sustainable resource management, contribute to culturally appropriate policies, and strengthen the resilience and self-determination of indigenous communities.

The United Nations Human Rights Council has a specific mechanism, known as the Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, which allows indigenous peoples to file complaints about violations of their rights.

Self-determination is a fundamental right of indigenous peoples to govern themselves, control their own lands and resources, and preserve their cultural practices. It is recognized and protected under international law.