Marxism is a complex theory that encompasses a wide range of ideas, but its central tenets are that the class struggle is the driving force of history, the state is a tool of the ruling class, and the economy is the base of society.

The theory of surplus value is a complex theory that explains how the capitalist class extracts surplus value from the working class. It is based on the idea that the value of a commodity is determined by the amount of labor required to produce it, and that the capitalist class pays the working class less than the value of their labor.

The theory of alienation is a complex theory that explains how the working class is alienated from their labor, the products of their labor, and their fellow workers. It is based on the idea that the capitalist mode of production creates a system of exploitation and oppression that alienates workers from their true selves.

The theory of historical materialism is a complex theory that explains how the material forces of production, the economic base of society, and the class struggle interact to drive the course of history. It is based on the idea that the material conditions of life determine the political, cultural, and ideological superstructure of society.

The theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat is a complex theory that explains how the working class must seize power in order to establish a socialist society. It is based on the idea that the working class must use the state to suppress the capitalist class, build a new socialist economy, and create a classless society.

The theory of communism is a complex theory that explains how a classless, stateless society is the ultimate goal of history. It is based on the idea that the capitalist mode of production creates a system of exploitation and oppression that must be overcome in order to create a truly free and just society.

The theory of imperialism is a complex theory that explains how capitalism inevitably leads to imperialism. It is based on the idea that the capitalist class must constantly expand its markets and sources of raw materials in order to maintain its profits, and that this expansion inevitably leads to conflict with other capitalist powers.

The theory of the permanent revolution is a complex theory that explains how the working class must lead the revolution in all countries, ally with the peasantry in order to make the revolution, and ensure that the revolution is continuous and uninterrupted. It is based on the idea that the capitalist system is a global system that cannot be overthrown in one country alone.

The theory of the New Left is a complex theory that explains how the working class is no longer the main revolutionary force, that the revolution must be cultural as well as political, and that the revolution must be international. It is based on the idea that the capitalist system has changed since the time of Marx and Engels, and that new strategies are needed to overthrow it.

The theory of post-Marxism is a complex theory that explains how Marxism is still relevant to the modern world, but that it needs to be interpreted in new ways. It is based on the idea that the capitalist system has changed since the time of Marx and Engels, and that new strategies are needed to overthrow it.

The theory of the Frankfurt School is a complex theory that explains how the culture industry, the mass media, and the education system are all tools of social control. It is based on the idea that these institutions are used by the ruling class to maintain their power and control over society.

The theory of the New Class is a complex theory that explains how a new class of technocrats and managers has emerged in the modern world. It is based on the idea that this new class is a threat to the working class and the capitalist class, and that it is likely to play a major role in the future of society.

The theory of the postmodern condition is a complex theory that explains how we live in a world where there is no longer any objective truth or reality, where there are multiple truths and realities, and where truth and reality are constantly changing. It is based on the idea that the modern world is characterized by fragmentation, diversity, and uncertainty.

The theory of the end of history is a complex theory that explains how the end of the Cold War marked the end of history. It is based on the idea that the Cold War was the last great conflict between two competing ideologies, and that the victory of capitalism over communism marked the end of the ideological struggle that had dominated world politics for centuries.

The theory of the clash of civilizations is a complex theory that explains how the world is divided into different civilizations that are in conflict with each other. It is based on the idea that the world is becoming increasingly divided along cultural and religious lines, and that this division is leading to conflict and instability.