Cardioid microphones have a heart-shaped polar pattern, which means they are most sensitive to sounds coming from directly in front of the microphone, while rejecting sounds from the sides and rear.

Multitrack recorders allow you to record multiple audio signals onto separate tracks, which can then be mixed and edited individually.

Mixing is the process of adjusting the levels, panning, and effects of individual tracks to create a cohesive and balanced overall sound.

The Decca tree is a microphone array consisting of three microphones arranged in a triangular pattern, which is often used to capture the sound of a large ensemble or choir.

Limiters are used to prevent distortion by limiting the maximum amplitude of the audio signal.

Dynamic microphones are often used for recording the kick drum because they can handle high sound pressure levels without distortion.

Effects processing involves adding effects such as reverb, delay, and distortion to the audio signal to enhance its sound.

Spot miking involves placing a microphone directly in front of the guitar amplifier to capture its sound.

Mastering is the final step in the recording process, where the overall sound of the recording is adjusted and optimized for playback on different systems.

Spot miking involves placing microphones in front of each individual drum in the drum kit to capture its sound.

Compressors are used to reduce the dynamic range of the audio signal by limiting the difference between the loudest and softest sounds.

Stereo miking involves placing two microphones in a spaced pair to capture the sound of a piano in stereo.

EQing involves adjusting the levels of different frequency bands in the audio signal to achieve a desired tonal balance.

Spot miking involves placing a microphone directly in front of the violin or cello to capture its sound.

Reverb is used to add ambience to the sound, making it sound as if it was recorded in a larger space.