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Chemical Thermodynamics

Description: Chemical Thermodynamics Quiz
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: chemical thermodynamics thermodynamics chemistry
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The branch of thermodynamics that deals with the relationship between heat and other forms of energy in chemical reactions is called:

  1. Chemical Thermodynamics

  2. Physical Thermodynamics

  3. Statistical Thermodynamics

  4. Quantum Thermodynamics

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Chemical thermodynamics is the branch of thermodynamics that deals with the relationship between heat and other forms of energy in chemical reactions.

The first law of thermodynamics states that:

  1. Energy can be created or destroyed.

  2. Energy can be transferred from one form to another.

  3. The total amount of energy in the universe is constant.

  4. All of the above.

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The first law of thermodynamics states that the total amount of energy in the universe is constant.

The second law of thermodynamics states that:

  1. The entropy of an isolated system always increases.

  2. The entropy of an isolated system always decreases.

  3. The entropy of an isolated system remains constant.

  4. None of the above.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of an isolated system always increases.

The third law of thermodynamics states that:

  1. The entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is zero.

  2. The entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is not zero.

  3. The entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is undefined.

  4. None of the above.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a perfect crystal at absolute zero is zero.

The enthalpy of a system is defined as:

  1. The total amount of energy in the system.

  2. The internal energy of the system plus the product of the pressure and volume.

  3. The difference between the internal energy of the system and the product of the pressure and volume.

  4. None of the above.

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The enthalpy of a system is defined as the internal energy of the system plus the product of the pressure and volume.

The entropy of a system is defined as:

  1. The measure of the disorder of the system.

  2. The measure of the energy of the system.

  3. The measure of the volume of the system.

  4. None of the above.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The entropy of a system is defined as the measure of the disorder of the system.

The Gibbs free energy of a system is defined as:

  1. The enthalpy of the system minus the product of the temperature and entropy.

  2. The internal energy of the system minus the product of the temperature and entropy.

  3. The enthalpy of the system plus the product of the temperature and entropy.

  4. None of the above.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Gibbs free energy of a system is defined as the enthalpy of the system minus the product of the temperature and entropy.

The equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction is defined as:

  1. The ratio of the concentrations of the reactants to the concentrations of the products.

  2. The ratio of the partial pressures of the reactants to the partial pressures of the products.

  3. The ratio of the activities of the reactants to the activities of the products.

  4. All of the above.

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction is defined as the ratio of the concentrations of the reactants to the concentrations of the products, the ratio of the partial pressures of the reactants to the partial pressures of the products, and the ratio of the activities of the reactants to the activities of the products.

The van 't Hoff equation relates:

  1. The equilibrium constant of a reaction to the temperature.

  2. The enthalpy of a reaction to the temperature.

  3. The entropy of a reaction to the temperature.

  4. The Gibbs free energy of a reaction to the temperature.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The van 't Hoff equation relates the equilibrium constant of a reaction to the temperature.

The Clausius-Clapeyron equation relates:

  1. The vapor pressure of a liquid to the temperature.

  2. The boiling point of a liquid to the pressure.

  3. The freezing point of a liquid to the pressure.

  4. All of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The Clausius-Clapeyron equation relates the vapor pressure of a liquid to the temperature, the boiling point of a liquid to the pressure, and the freezing point of a liquid to the pressure.

The Trouton's rule states that:

  1. The entropy of vaporization of a liquid is approximately constant.

  2. The enthalpy of vaporization of a liquid is approximately constant.

  3. The Gibbs free energy of vaporization of a liquid is approximately constant.

  4. None of the above.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Trouton's rule states that the entropy of vaporization of a liquid is approximately constant.

The Hess's law states that:

  1. The enthalpy change of a reaction is independent of the path taken.

  2. The entropy change of a reaction is independent of the path taken.

  3. The Gibbs free energy change of a reaction is independent of the path taken.

  4. All of the above.

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The Hess's law states that the enthalpy change of a reaction, the entropy change of a reaction, and the Gibbs free energy change of a reaction are all independent of the path taken.

The Le Chatelier's principle states that:

  1. If a change of condition is applied to a system in equilibrium, the system will shift in a direction that relieves the stress.

  2. If a change of condition is applied to a system in equilibrium, the system will shift in a direction that increases the stress.

  3. If a change of condition is applied to a system in equilibrium, the system will not shift.

  4. None of the above.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Le Chatelier's principle states that if a change of condition is applied to a system in equilibrium, the system will shift in a direction that relieves the stress.

The third law of thermodynamics is also known as:

  1. The law of unattainability of absolute zero.

  2. The law of increasing entropy.

  3. The law of conservation of energy.

  4. None of the above.

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The third law of thermodynamics is also known as the law of unattainability of absolute zero.

The term 'exergonic' refers to:

  1. A reaction that releases energy.

  2. A reaction that absorbs energy.

  3. A reaction that is in equilibrium.

  4. None of the above.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The term 'exergonic' refers to a reaction that releases energy.

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