Astronomical Innovations in Indian Art

Description: This quiz is designed to test your knowledge about the astronomical innovations incorporated into Indian art throughout history.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: indian astronomy astronomy in indian art and architecture astronomical innovations in indian art
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Which ancient Indian text is considered to be the earliest known astronomical treatise?

  1. Rigveda

  2. Yajurveda

  3. Atharvaveda

  4. Samaveda


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Rigveda, one of the four Vedas, contains hymns and verses that mention astronomical observations and celestial bodies.

The Jantar Mantar in Jaipur, India, is an example of what type of astronomical instrument?

  1. Astrolabe

  2. Armillary Sphere

  3. Sundial

  4. Quadrant


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The Jantar Mantar is a collection of architectural astronomical instruments, including sundials, that were used to measure time and track the movement of celestial bodies.

Which Indian mathematician and astronomer developed the concept of the heliocentric model of the solar system?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Brahmagupta

  3. Bhaskara II

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aryabhata, in the 5th century CE, proposed the idea that the Earth rotates on its axis and revolves around the Sun, which was a revolutionary concept at the time.

The ancient Indian calendar, known as the Panchang, is based on what astronomical cycles?

  1. Lunar Cycle

  2. Solar Cycle

  3. Lunar and Solar Cycle

  4. Sidereal Cycle


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The Panchang combines the lunar and solar cycles to create a calendar that is used for religious, agricultural, and astrological purposes.

In Indian art, the depiction of celestial bodies and constellations is often associated with which deity?

  1. Surya

  2. Chandra

  3. Brahma

  4. Vishnu


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Surya, the Sun god, is frequently represented in Indian art, often depicted riding a chariot drawn by seven horses, symbolizing the days of the week.

The astronomical observatory at Ujjain, India, was established by which ancient Indian astronomer?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Brahmagupta

  3. Bhaskara II

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Varahamihira, in the 6th century CE, founded the astronomical observatory at Ujjain, which became a center for astronomical studies and observations.

The ancient Indian astronomers used which mathematical tool to calculate the positions of celestial bodies?

  1. Trigonometry

  2. Calculus

  3. Algebra

  4. Geometry


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Trigonometry, particularly the concept of sine and cosine functions, was extensively used by Indian astronomers to calculate the positions and movements of celestial bodies.

The Nakshatras, or lunar mansions, play a significant role in Indian astrology. How many Nakshatras are traditionally recognized?

  1. 12

  2. 27

  3. 54

  4. 108


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The Nakshatras are 27 divisions of the ecliptic, each associated with a specific constellation and used for astrological predictions.

Which ancient Indian astronomer developed the concept of the precession of the equinoxes?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Brahmagupta

  3. Bhaskara II

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Brahmagupta, in the 7th century CE, recognized and described the phenomenon of the precession of the equinoxes, where the Earth's axis slowly shifts over time.

The Surya Siddhanta, a significant astronomical text, is attributed to which ancient Indian astronomer?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Brahmagupta

  3. Bhaskara II

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The Surya Siddhanta, written by Aryabhata in the 5th century CE, is a comprehensive astronomical treatise that covers topics such as planetary motion, eclipses, and the calculation of time.

Which Indian astronomer developed the concept of the zero digit and its use in the decimal system?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Brahmagupta

  3. Bhaskara II

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aryabhata, in the 5th century CE, introduced the concept of the zero digit and its use in the decimal system, revolutionizing mathematics and astronomy.

The ancient Indian astronomers used which instrument to observe and measure the positions of celestial bodies?

  1. Telescope

  2. Astrolabe

  3. Armillary Sphere

  4. Quadrant


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The armillary sphere, a spherical model representing the celestial sphere, was used by Indian astronomers to visualize and study the movements of celestial bodies.

Which ancient Indian astronomer developed the concept of the Earth's spherical shape and its rotation on its axis?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Brahmagupta

  3. Bhaskara II

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Aryabhata, in the 5th century CE, proposed the idea that the Earth is spherical and rotates on its axis, challenging the prevailing flat Earth belief at the time.

The ancient Indian astronomers used which mathematical technique to solve complex astronomical problems?

  1. Calculus

  2. Algebra

  3. Trigonometry

  4. Geometry


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Algebra, particularly the concept of indeterminate equations, was extensively used by Indian astronomers to solve complex astronomical problems and derive mathematical solutions.

Which ancient Indian astronomer developed the concept of the Earth's elliptical orbit around the Sun?

  1. Aryabhata

  2. Brahmagupta

  3. Bhaskara II

  4. Varahamihira


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

Bhaskara II, in the 12th century CE, proposed the idea that the Earth's orbit around the Sun is elliptical, rather than circular, which was a significant advancement in astronomical understanding.

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