The sociology of sports examines the social and cultural significance of sports, including how sports shape and are shaped by society.

Marxism argues that sports are a reflection of the class structure of society, with the dominant class using sports to maintain their power and privilege.

Nationalism is the use of sports to create a sense of national pride and unity, often by emphasizing the achievements of national sports teams or athletes.

Commodification refers to the process by which sports are transformed into a commodity that can be bought and sold, often through the sale of tickets, merchandise, and advertising.

Sports activism refers to the use of sports to raise awareness of social issues and promote social change, often through protests, boycotts, and other forms of activism.

Feminism argues that sports are a reflection of the gender inequality in society, with women facing discrimination and barriers to participation in sports.

Sports integration refers to the process of breaking down racial barriers in sports, allowing athletes of all races to compete on an equal basis.

Sports inclusion refers to the process of making sports accessible to people with disabilities, allowing them to participate and compete on an equal basis.

Sports greening refers to the process of making sports more environmentally sustainable, reducing their impact on the environment.

Sports diplomacy refers to the use of sports to promote peace and understanding between different countries and cultures, often through international sporting events.

Sports medicine refers to the use of medical science to improve the health and performance of athletes, including injury prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation.

Sports education refers to the use of sports to teach academic subjects and life skills, such as teamwork, leadership, and fair play.

Sports tourism refers to the use of sports to attract tourists and generate revenue, often through major sporting events.

Sports for all refers to the idea that everyone should have the opportunity to participate in sports, regardless of age, ability, or background.

Sports equity refers to the idea that women and girls should have equal opportunities to participate in sports and achieve their full potential.