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Military Commissions

Description: This quiz covers the topic of Military Commissions, which are a type of military court used to try individuals accused of violating the laws of war or other offenses.
Number of Questions: 15
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Tags: military law military commissions international law
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What is the primary purpose of a Military Commission?

  1. To try individuals accused of violating the laws of war or other offenses

  2. To provide legal advice to military commanders

  3. To investigate allegations of misconduct by military personnel

  4. To review and approve military contracts

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Military Commissions are specifically designed to try individuals accused of violating the laws of war or other offenses, such as terrorism or espionage.

When were Military Commissions first established?

  1. During the American Civil War

  2. During World War I

  3. During World War II

  4. After the September 11 attacks

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Military Commissions were first established during the American Civil War in 1861.

Who is typically subject to the jurisdiction of a Military Commission?

  1. Members of the military

  2. Civilians accused of violating the laws of war

  3. Foreign nationals captured during armed conflict

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Military Commissions can try members of the military, civilians accused of violating the laws of war, and foreign nationals captured during armed conflict.

What are the main advantages of using Military Commissions?

  1. They are more efficient than civilian courts

  2. They are less likely to be influenced by political considerations

  3. They can be held in secret

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Military Commissions are often seen as more efficient, less likely to be influenced by political considerations, and capable of being held in secret, compared to civilian courts.

What are the main criticisms of using Military Commissions?

  1. They lack the due process protections of civilian courts

  2. They are not open to the public

  3. They can be used to try individuals for political reasons

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Critics of Military Commissions argue that they lack the due process protections of civilian courts, are not open to the public, and can be used to try individuals for political reasons.

What is the role of the President in Military Commissions?

  1. The President appoints the members of the Commission

  2. The President approves the sentences imposed by the Commission

  3. The President can overturn the decisions of the Commission

  4. All of the above

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The President has the power to appoint the members of the Commission, approve the sentences imposed by the Commission, and overturn the decisions of the Commission.

What is the role of Congress in Military Commissions?

  1. Congress can create or abolish Military Commissions

  2. Congress can regulate the procedures of Military Commissions

  3. Congress can review the decisions of Military Commissions

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Congress has the power to create or abolish Military Commissions, regulate their procedures, and review their decisions.

What is the difference between a Military Commission and a court-martial?

  1. Military Commissions are used to try civilians, while courts-martial are used to try members of the military

  2. Military Commissions are held in secret, while courts-martial are open to the public

  3. Military Commissions have broader jurisdiction than courts-martial

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Military Commissions are used to try civilians, are held in secret, and have broader jurisdiction than courts-martial.

What is the current status of Military Commissions?

  1. They are still in use today

  2. They were abolished after World War II

  3. They were abolished after the September 11 attacks

  4. They were abolished after the War on Terror

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Military Commissions are still in use today, although their use has declined in recent years.

What are some of the most famous cases tried by Military Commissions?

  1. The trial of Saddam Hussein

  2. The trial of Osama bin Laden

  3. The trial of Khalid Sheikh Mohammed

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

Some of the most famous cases tried by Military Commissions include the trials of Saddam Hussein, Osama bin Laden, and Khalid Sheikh Mohammed.

What is the future of Military Commissions?

  1. They will continue to be used in the War on Terror

  2. They will be abolished in favor of civilian courts

  3. Their use will decline as the War on Terror winds down

  4. It is uncertain

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The future of Military Commissions is uncertain. Some experts believe that they will continue to be used in the War on Terror, while others believe that they will be abolished in favor of civilian courts.

What are some of the ethical issues raised by the use of Military Commissions?

  1. The lack of due process protections

  2. The secrecy of the proceedings

  3. The potential for political interference

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The use of Military Commissions raises a number of ethical issues, including the lack of due process protections, the secrecy of the proceedings, and the potential for political interference.

What are some of the legal challenges to the use of Military Commissions?

  1. They violate the Geneva Conventions

  2. They violate the U.S. Constitution

  3. They violate international law

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The use of Military Commissions has been challenged on a number of legal grounds, including that they violate the Geneva Conventions, the U.S. Constitution, and international law.

What is the significance of the Supreme Court's decision in Hamdan v. Rumsfeld?

  1. It held that Military Commissions are unconstitutional

  2. It held that Military Commissions must comply with the Geneva Conventions

  3. It held that Military Commissions can only try members of the military

  4. It held that Military Commissions can only try foreign nationals

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

In Hamdan v. Rumsfeld, the Supreme Court held that Military Commissions must comply with the Geneva Conventions.

What is the significance of the Military Commissions Act of 2006?

  1. It authorized the use of Military Commissions to try detainees at Guantanamo Bay

  2. It established the procedures for Military Commissions

  3. It limited the jurisdiction of Military Commissions

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:

The Military Commissions Act of 2006 authorized the use of Military Commissions to try detainees at Guantanamo Bay, established the procedures for Military Commissions, and limited their jurisdiction.

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