The Nussbaum Capability Approach emphasizes the importance of individual freedom and agency in achieving well-being. It argues that people should have the opportunity to develop their capabilities and pursue the life they have reason to value.

Capabilities are the real opportunities that individuals have to achieve various functionings, or states of being. They include not only the basic necessities of life, but also the ability to participate in social and political life, to pursue education and employment, and to enjoy leisure and recreation.

Capabilities are the opportunities that individuals have to achieve various functionings, or states of being. Functionings are the actual achievements of these states of being. For example, the capability to be healthy includes the opportunity to access healthcare, nutrition, and exercise, while the functioning of being healthy is the actual state of being healthy.

The Nussbaum Capability Approach argues that social justice is a necessary condition for achieving individual well-being. This is because social justice ensures that all individuals have the same opportunities to develop their capabilities and pursue the life they have reason to value.

The Nussbaum Capability Approach has been criticized for being too abstract and theoretical, for being too difficult to measure capabilities and functionings, and for ignoring the importance of economic growth. Some critics have also argued that the approach is too focused on individual well-being and neglects the importance of social and political factors.