Jayant Narlikar is an Indian astrophysicist and cosmologist who has made significant contributions to the understanding of galaxy structure and evolution.

AstroSat is India's first dedicated astronomy satellite, launched in 2015. It carries five instruments designed to study galaxies, black holes, and other celestial objects.

The Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) is a premier research institution in India dedicated to the study of astronomy and astrophysics. It has made significant contributions to galaxy research.

Indian astronomers face several challenges in studying galaxies, including lack of funding, lack of infrastructure, and light pollution.

Lenticular galaxies are not a distinct type of galaxy. They are a type of elliptical galaxy that has a prominent bulge and a disk-like structure.

The Milky Way galaxy is part of the Laniakea Supercluster, which is one of the largest superclusters in the observable universe.

IC 1101 is the largest galaxy in the observable universe, with a diameter of over 6 million light-years.

The Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy is the closest galaxy to the Milky Way, located about 70,000 light-years away.

The Andromeda Galaxy is on a collision course with the Milky Way, and the two galaxies are expected to merge in about 4 billion years.

Sagittarius A* is the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy.

The Big Bang Theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the universe from the earliest known periods through its present expansion and cooling.

Hubble's Law states that the farther a galaxy is from us, the faster it is moving away from us.

Redshift is the phenomenon that causes the light from distant galaxies to be shifted towards the red end of the spectrum.

Blueshift is the phenomenon that causes the light from nearby galaxies to be shifted towards the blue end of the spectrum.