Disaster mitigation aims to reduce the risk of disasters by implementing measures that prevent or minimize their occurrence.

Structural mitigation measures involve the construction of physical structures to reduce the impact of disasters, such as flood control structures, dams, and levees.

Land-use planning and zoning aim to regulate the development and use of land in disaster-prone areas to minimize the risk of disasters and their impact.

Non-structural mitigation measures involve actions that do not involve the construction of physical structures, such as public awareness campaigns, education programs, and the development of evacuation plans.

Public awareness campaigns play a crucial role in disaster mitigation by informing the public about the risks of disasters, providing instructions on how to prepare for and respond to disasters, and promoting community involvement in disaster preparedness and mitigation efforts.

Disaster preparedness involves a combination of measures, including developing emergency plans, stockpiling emergency supplies, conducting emergency drills, and ensuring the availability of resources and personnel to respond to disasters.

Emergency plans provide a roadmap for disaster response, outlining the actions to be taken before, during, and after a disaster, assigning responsibilities, establishing communication channels, and coordinating response efforts.

Stockpiling emergency supplies is crucial to ensure that essential items, such as food, water, and medical supplies, are available during a disaster when regular supply chains may be disrupted.

Emergency drills serve multiple purposes, including testing the effectiveness of emergency plans and procedures, familiarizing individuals and organizations with their roles and responsibilities, and identifying gaps and weaknesses in disaster preparedness efforts.

Community-based disaster preparedness involves empowering local communities to take ownership of disaster preparedness efforts, encouraging community involvement in developing and implementing emergency plans, and promoting collaboration and partnerships among community organizations.

Inter-agency coordination is crucial in disaster preparedness to ensure a coordinated and efficient response, avoid duplication of efforts and resources, and facilitate the sharing of information and resources among agencies.

The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) is responsible for formulating policies and guidelines for disaster management, coordinating disaster response and recovery efforts, and providing financial assistance to disaster-affected states.

The State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) is responsible for preparing and implementing state-level disaster management plans, coordinating disaster response and recovery efforts within the state, and providing financial assistance to disaster-affected districts.

The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) is known for its rapid deployment to disaster-affected areas, specialization in various types of disaster response operations, and coordination with state and local disaster management agencies.

The National Disaster Relief Fund (NDRF) is utilized to provide financial assistance to disaster-affected states and union territories, support relief and rehabilitation measures in disaster-affected areas, and fund disaster preparedness and mitigation initiatives.