Soil compressibility is influenced by a combination of factors, including soil density, soil structure, and soil moisture content.

Consolidation is the primary mechanism responsible for soil compressibility, involving the expulsion of water from soil voids under applied stress.

The coefficient of volume compressibility (m_v) represents the change in soil volume per unit change in effective stress.

The coefficient of consolidation (c_v) quantifies the rate at which soil consolidates under applied stress.

Terzaghi consolidation theory assumes that soil is incompressible, isotropic, and homogeneous.

The time required for 50% consolidation (t_50) is given by the equation t_50 = H^2 / 4c_v.

The preconsolidation pressure (p_c) represents the highest effective stress that a soil has encountered in its past, influencing its current compressibility behavior.

The overconsolidation ratio (OCR) is calculated as the ratio of preconsolidation pressure to current effective stress.

Clay soils are generally more compressible than sand soils due to their higher water content and finer particle size.

Consolidation refers to the process of expelling water from soil voids under applied stress, leading to a reduction in soil volume.

Consolidation settlement is a time-dependent process, occurring gradually as water is expelled from soil voids under sustained stress.

High void ratio, low soil density, and high water content can all contribute to increased soil compressibility.

The coefficient of compressibility (a_v) is related to the coefficient of volume compressibility (m_v) by the equation a_v = m_v / (1 + e_0), where e_0 is the initial void ratio.

The oedometer test is commonly used to determine the coefficient of consolidation (c_v) in the laboratory by measuring the rate of soil consolidation under applied stress.

Compaction is the process of increasing the density of soil by mechanical means, such as rolling or tamping, to improve its engineering properties.