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Industrial Statistics

Description: This quiz covers various concepts related to Industrial Statistics, including probability distributions, sampling, hypothesis testing, and quality control.
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: industrial statistics probability sampling hypothesis testing quality control
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What is the probability of obtaining a defective item from a production process if the probability of a non-defective item is 0.9?

  1. 0.1

  2. 0.2

  3. 0.3

  4. 0.4

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The probability of obtaining a defective item is the complement of the probability of obtaining a non-defective item. Therefore, the probability of a defective item is 1 - 0.9 = 0.1.

In a random sample of 100 items, 20 are found to be defective. What is the sample proportion of defective items?

  1. 0.1

  2. 0.2

  3. 0.3

  4. 0.4

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The sample proportion of defective items is the number of defective items divided by the total number of items in the sample. Therefore, the sample proportion of defective items is 20 / 100 = 0.2.

A company claims that their product has a mean lifespan of 1000 hours. A sample of 50 products is tested and the sample mean lifespan is found to be 950 hours. If the population standard deviation is known to be 100 hours, what is the p-value for the hypothesis test that the population mean lifespan is equal to 1000 hours?

  1. 0.01

  2. 0.05

  3. 0.10

  4. 0.15

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The p-value is the probability of obtaining a sample mean lifespan as extreme as or more extreme than the observed sample mean, assuming that the population mean lifespan is equal to 1000 hours. Using a z-test, the p-value is calculated as P(Z < -2.5) = 0.01.

A company uses a control chart to monitor the quality of their products. The control limits are set at 3 standard deviations above and below the mean. If the sample mean is 100 and the sample standard deviation is 10, what are the control limits?

  1. (70, 130)

  2. (80, 120)

  3. (90, 110)

  4. (100, 140)

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The control limits are calculated as the mean plus or minus 3 standard deviations. Therefore, the control limits are 100 +/- 3 * 10 = (70, 130).

Which of the following is a non-parametric test?

  1. t-test

  2. ANOVA

  3. chi-square test

  4. F-test

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The chi-square test is a non-parametric test that is used to test for independence between two categorical variables.

What is the probability of obtaining a head when flipping a fair coin?

  1. 0.25

  2. 0.5

  3. 0.75

  4. 1

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

A fair coin has two equally likely outcomes: head and tail. Therefore, the probability of obtaining a head is 1 / 2 = 0.5.

In a random sample of 1000 people, 450 are found to be male. What is the sample proportion of males?

  1. 0.45

  2. 0.5

  3. 0.55

  4. 0.6

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The sample proportion of males is the number of males divided by the total number of people in the sample. Therefore, the sample proportion of males is 450 / 1000 = 0.45.

A company claims that their product has a mean lifespan of 500 hours. A sample of 100 products is tested and the sample mean lifespan is found to be 480 hours. If the population standard deviation is known to be 50 hours, what is the p-value for the hypothesis test that the population mean lifespan is equal to 500 hours?

  1. 0.01

  2. 0.05

  3. 0.10

  4. 0.15

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The p-value is the probability of obtaining a sample mean lifespan as extreme as or more extreme than the observed sample mean, assuming that the population mean lifespan is equal to 500 hours. Using a z-test, the p-value is calculated as P(Z < -2) = 0.05.

A company uses a control chart to monitor the quality of their products. The control limits are set at 2 standard deviations above and below the mean. If the sample mean is 100 and the sample standard deviation is 10, what are the control limits?

  1. (80, 120)

  2. (90, 110)

  3. (100, 140)

  4. (110, 130)

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The control limits are calculated as the mean plus or minus 2 standard deviations. Therefore, the control limits are 100 +/- 2 * 10 = (80, 120).

Which of the following is a parametric test?

  1. t-test

  2. ANOVA

  3. chi-square test

  4. F-test

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The t-test is a parametric test that is used to test for differences between the means of two groups.

What is the probability of obtaining a 6 when rolling a fair die?

  1. 1/6

  2. 1/5

  3. 1/4

  4. 1/3

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A fair die has six equally likely outcomes: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. Therefore, the probability of obtaining a 6 is 1 / 6.

In a random sample of 500 people, 250 are found to be female. What is the sample proportion of females?

  1. 0.25

  2. 0.5

  3. 0.75

  4. 1

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

The sample proportion of females is the number of females divided by the total number of people in the sample. Therefore, the sample proportion of females is 250 / 500 = 0.5.

A company claims that their product has a mean lifespan of 1000 hours. A sample of 50 products is tested and the sample mean lifespan is found to be 900 hours. If the population standard deviation is known to be 100 hours, what is the p-value for the hypothesis test that the population mean lifespan is equal to 1000 hours?

  1. 0.01

  2. 0.05

  3. 0.10

  4. 0.15

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The p-value is the probability of obtaining a sample mean lifespan as extreme as or more extreme than the observed sample mean, assuming that the population mean lifespan is equal to 1000 hours. Using a z-test, the p-value is calculated as P(Z < -3) = 0.01.

A company uses a control chart to monitor the quality of their products. The control limits are set at 4 standard deviations above and below the mean. If the sample mean is 100 and the sample standard deviation is 10, what are the control limits?

  1. (60, 140)

  2. (70, 130)

  3. (80, 120)

  4. (90, 110)

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

The control limits are calculated as the mean plus or minus 4 standard deviations. Therefore, the control limits are 100 +/- 4 * 10 = (60, 140).

Which of the following is a non-parametric test?

  1. t-test

  2. ANOVA

  3. chi-square test

  4. F-test

Show answer
Correct Option: C
Explanation:

The chi-square test is a non-parametric test that is used to test for independence between two categorical variables.

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