The primary goal of CCS is to capture carbon dioxide from industrial and power plant emissions and store it underground or in geological formations to prevent its release into the atmosphere.

Direct air capture involves capturing carbon dioxide directly from the ambient air, while the other options are methods for capturing carbon dioxide from industrial emissions.

Sandstone formations are often used for storing captured carbon dioxide due to their high porosity and permeability, which allow for the easy injection and storage of the gas.

The transportation of captured carbon dioxide poses challenges such as high costs, potential leakage risks, and the need for specialized infrastructure.

Norway has the largest operational carbon capture and storage facility, known as the Sleipner project, which has been capturing and storing carbon dioxide from a natural gas processing plant since 1996.

Carbon capture and storage has the potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel-based industries, but it is not a complete solution to address climate change and should be combined with other strategies such as transitioning to renewable energy sources.

Carbon capture and storage can provide economic benefits such as reduced costs associated with carbon emissions, creation of new jobs and industries, and increased energy security.

Carbon capture and storage can provide environmental benefits such as reduced air pollution, improved water quality, and enhanced biodiversity.

The implementation of carbon capture and storage faces challenges such as high costs, technological limitations, and public acceptance.

Governments can play a significant role in promoting carbon capture and storage by providing financial incentives, developing regulatory frameworks, and investing in research and development.

International cooperation can help advance carbon capture and storage technologies through sharing of knowledge and expertise, collaborative research and development, and harmonization of regulations.

Direct air capture, carbon mineralization, and enhanced weathering are among the promising emerging technologies in the field of carbon capture and storage.

Carbon capture and storage can play a significant role in achieving net-zero emissions by reducing greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel-based industries.

The success of carbon capture and storage will depend on factors such as technological advancements, economic viability, and public acceptance.

The future outlook for carbon capture and storage is uncertain and will depend on various factors such as technological advancements, economic viability, and policy support.