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Neural Basis of Neurophysiology Techniques

Description: This quiz will evaluate your understanding of the neural basis of neurophysiology techniques, including electroencephalography (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).
Number of Questions: 14
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Tags: neural basis neurophysiology techniques eeg meg fmri tms
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What is the primary physiological signal measured by electroencephalography (EEG)?

  1. Electrical activity of neurons

  2. Magnetic fields generated by neurons

  3. Changes in blood oxygenation levels

  4. Electrical activity of muscles


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

EEG measures the electrical activity of neurons in the brain, typically from the scalp.

Which neurophysiology technique involves measuring magnetic fields generated by neurons?

  1. Electroencephalography (EEG)

  2. Magnetoencephalography (MEG)

  3. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

  4. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

MEG measures the magnetic fields generated by neurons, providing information about their activity.

What is the primary physiological signal measured by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)?

  1. Electrical activity of neurons

  2. Magnetic fields generated by neurons

  3. Changes in blood oxygenation levels

  4. Electrical activity of muscles


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

fMRI measures changes in blood oxygenation levels in the brain, which are related to neuronal activity.

Which neurophysiology technique involves applying magnetic pulses to the brain to study its function?

  1. Electroencephalography (EEG)

  2. Magnetoencephalography (MEG)

  3. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

  4. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)


Correct Option: D
Explanation:

TMS involves applying magnetic pulses to the brain to study its function by temporarily disrupting neuronal activity.

What is the spatial resolution of electroencephalography (EEG) compared to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)?

  1. EEG has better spatial resolution than fMRI

  2. fMRI has better spatial resolution than EEG

  3. They have similar spatial resolution

  4. It depends on the specific EEG and fMRI techniques used


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

fMRI typically has better spatial resolution than EEG, allowing for more precise localization of brain activity.

Which neurophysiology technique is commonly used to study brain activity during sleep?

  1. Electroencephalography (EEG)

  2. Magnetoencephalography (MEG)

  3. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

  4. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

EEG is commonly used to study brain activity during sleep, as it can detect the characteristic patterns of brain waves associated with different sleep stages.

What is the primary limitation of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as a neurophysiology technique?

  1. It can only be used to study superficial brain regions

  2. It can cause discomfort or pain in some individuals

  3. It requires extensive training to use safely and effectively

  4. It is not compatible with other neurophysiology techniques


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

TMS is limited in its ability to study deep brain regions due to the limited penetration of magnetic fields through the skull.

Which neurophysiology technique is most commonly used to study brain activity in response to specific stimuli or tasks?

  1. Electroencephalography (EEG)

  2. Magnetoencephalography (MEG)

  3. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

  4. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

fMRI is commonly used to study brain activity in response to specific stimuli or tasks, as it can provide information about the brain regions involved in processing and responding to those stimuli.

What is the main advantage of magnetoencephalography (MEG) over electroencephalography (EEG) in studying brain activity?

  1. MEG has better spatial resolution than EEG

  2. MEG is less sensitive to artifacts than EEG

  3. MEG can measure brain activity deeper in the brain than EEG

  4. MEG is more comfortable for participants than EEG


Correct Option: B
Explanation:

MEG is less sensitive to artifacts, such as eye movements and muscle activity, compared to EEG, making it more suitable for studying brain activity in certain situations.

Which neurophysiology technique involves measuring electrical activity from the surface of the brain?

  1. Electroencephalography (EEG)

  2. Magnetoencephalography (MEG)

  3. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

  4. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

EEG involves measuring electrical activity from the surface of the brain using electrodes placed on the scalp.

What is the primary physiological signal measured by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)?

  1. Electrical activity of neurons

  2. Magnetic fields generated by neurons

  3. Changes in blood oxygenation levels

  4. Electrical activity of muscles


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

TMS involves applying magnetic pulses to the brain, which can temporarily disrupt neuronal activity and induce electrical responses in nearby neurons.

Which neurophysiology technique is most commonly used to study brain connectivity?

  1. Electroencephalography (EEG)

  2. Magnetoencephalography (MEG)

  3. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

  4. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)


Correct Option: C
Explanation:

fMRI is commonly used to study brain connectivity by measuring the correlations in brain activity between different brain regions.

What is the main advantage of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) over electroencephalography (EEG) in studying brain activity?

  1. fMRI has better spatial resolution than EEG

  2. fMRI is less sensitive to artifacts than EEG

  3. fMRI can measure brain activity deeper in the brain than EEG

  4. fMRI is more comfortable for participants than EEG


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

fMRI has better spatial resolution than EEG, allowing for more precise localization of brain activity.

Which neurophysiology technique is most commonly used to study brain activity in infants and young children?

  1. Electroencephalography (EEG)

  2. Magnetoencephalography (MEG)

  3. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

  4. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)


Correct Option: A
Explanation:

EEG is commonly used to study brain activity in infants and young children, as it is less sensitive to movement artifacts and does not require the child to remain still for extended periods.

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