To evaluate student achievement

To identify students with learning difficulties

To compare schools and districts

To inform instructional decisions

Formative assessment

Summative assessment

Benchmark assessment

Diagnostic assessment

Summative assessment is conducted at the end of a unit or course, while formative assessment is conducted throughout the learning process.

Summative assessment is used to evaluate student achievement, while formative assessment is used to identify students with learning difficulties.

Summative assessment is typically high-stakes, while formative assessment is typically low-stakes.

All of the above.

They can help identify students who are at risk of falling behind.

They can help teachers adjust their instruction to meet the needs of their students.

They can help schools and districts track student progress over time.

All of the above.

They can be expensive to administer.

They can be time-consuming for students and teachers.

They can be difficult to develop and implement.

All of the above.

By using a variety of assessment methods.

By involving teachers in the development and implementation of assessments.

By providing students with feedback on their performance.

All of the above.

Stakeholders can provide input on the development and implementation of assessments.

Stakeholders can help to ensure that assessments are fair and valid.

Stakeholders can help to communicate the results of assessments to the public.

All of the above.

By identifying students who are struggling.

By identifying areas where students need additional support.

By helping teachers to adjust their instruction to meet the needs of their students.

All of the above.

By using the same assessment for all schools and districts.

By using assessments that are aligned with state standards.

By using assessments that are administered at the same time.

All of the above.

Assessments should be fair and valid.

Assessments should not be used to discriminate against students.

Students should have the right to opt out of assessments.

All of the above.

Assessments must be aligned with state standards.

Assessments must be administered in a fair and equitable manner.

Students must have the right to review their assessment results.

All of the above.

There is a move towards using more formative assessments.

There is a move towards using more computer-based assessments.

There is a move towards using more performance-based assessments.

All of the above.

The cost of assessments.

The time it takes to administer assessments.

The difficulty of developing and implementing assessments.

All of the above.

Assessments can be used to improve instruction.

Assessments can be used to identify students who need additional support.

Assessments can be used to compare schools and districts.

All of the above.

Assessments will become more formative.

Assessments will become more computer-based.

Assessments will become more performance-based.

All of the above.