The primary objective of negotiation is to reach an agreement that satisfies both parties, allowing them to achieve their desired outcomes.

Manipulation is not an element of negotiation, as it involves using unethical tactics to gain an advantage over the other party.

Preparation is the first stage of negotiation, where parties gather information, analyze their interests, and develop a strategy for the negotiation.

The opening stage of negotiation aims to establish a rapport with the other party, build trust, and create a positive atmosphere for the negotiation.

Positional bargaining focuses on fixed positions, while interest-based bargaining focuses on underlying interests. Positional bargaining is more adversarial, while interest-based bargaining is more collaborative. Positional bargaining is more likely to lead to a win-lose outcome, while interest-based bargaining is more likely to lead to a win-win outcome.

Concessions are offered in negotiation to show goodwill and willingness to compromise, in order to move the negotiation towards an agreement.

The final stage of negotiation is agreement, where the parties reach a mutually acceptable solution that satisfies their interests.

Communication is essential in negotiation to convey information and ideas clearly, build rapport and trust with the other party, and understand the other party's interests and concerns.

A positive attitude is not a barrier to effective negotiation, as it can help parties approach the negotiation with an open mind and willingness to compromise.

Ethics play a crucial role in negotiation to ensure that both parties act fairly and honestly, prevent manipulation and deception, and create a level playing field for both parties.

To prepare effectively for a negotiation, it is important to gather information about the other party and their interests, develop a clear understanding of your own interests and goals, and identify potential areas of agreement and disagreement.

Collaboration is not a tactic used in negotiation, as it involves working together to find a mutually beneficial solution, rather than trying to win at the expense of the other party.

Follow-up after a negotiation is important to ensure that both parties fulfill their commitments, build a positive relationship with the other party, and learn from the negotiation to improve future negotiations.

Competitive negotiation is not a type of negotiation, as it is a term used to describe a negotiation style that focuses on winning at the expense of the other party.

Preparation, communication, and flexibility are all key to successful negotiation, as they enable parties to approach the negotiation with a clear understanding of their interests, build rapport with the other party, and adapt to changing circumstances.