A principle that states that when there is a threat of serious or irreversible damage to the environment, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing measures to prevent or minimize the damage.

A principle that states that the environment should be protected at all costs, regardless of the economic or social consequences.

A principle that states that the environment should be used in a sustainable way, so that it can be enjoyed by future generations.

A principle that states that the environment should be protected from pollution and other harmful activities.

1992

1997

2002

2005

The ban on the use of DDT in agriculture

The ban on the import of genetically modified crops

The requirement for environmental impact assessments for new development projects

All of the above

It can help to prevent or minimize serious or irreversible damage to the environment.

It can help to protect human health and safety.

It can help to promote sustainable development.

All of the above

It can be difficult to determine when there is a threat of serious or irreversible damage to the environment.

It can be difficult to develop measures to prevent or minimize the damage.

It can be difficult to balance the need to protect the environment with the need for economic development.

All of the above

To develop policies and regulations that implement the Precautionary Principle.

To provide information to the public about the Precautionary Principle.

To support research on the Precautionary Principle.

All of the above

To learn about the Precautionary Principle.

To support policies and regulations that implement the Precautionary Principle.

To hold the government accountable for applying the Precautionary Principle.

All of the above

It is likely to become more widely applied in the coming years.

It is likely to be challenged by those who believe that it is too restrictive.

It is likely to be replaced by a new principle that is more balanced.

It is difficult to say.

Lack of scientific data and information.

Political and economic pressures.

Public apathy and lack of awareness.

All of the above.

Increasing public awareness and education.

Strengthening environmental laws and regulations.

Promoting sustainable development practices.

All of the above.

By taking action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, even in the absence of full scientific certainty about the impacts of climate change.

By investing in research to improve our understanding of climate change and its impacts.

By developing adaptation strategies to help communities cope with the impacts of climate change.

All of the above.

By taking action to protect and restore natural habitats, even in the absence of full scientific certainty about the impacts of biodiversity loss.

By investing in research to improve our understanding of biodiversity and its importance.

By promoting sustainable use of natural resources.

All of the above.

By taking action to reduce pollution, even in the absence of full scientific certainty about the impacts of pollution.

By investing in research to improve our understanding of pollution and its impacts.

By promoting sustainable production and consumption practices.

All of the above.

Lack of scientific data and information.

Political and economic pressures.

Public apathy and lack of awareness.

All of the above.

Increasing public awareness and education.

Strengthening environmental laws and regulations.

Promoting sustainable development practices.

All of the above.