Hot air balloons rely on the principle of buoyancy, where the heated air inside the balloon becomes less dense than the surrounding cooler air, causing the balloon to rise.

Gas balloons utilize a non-flammable gas, typically helium or hydrogen, to achieve lift, making them suitable for longer-duration flights.

The apex is the opening at the top of a hot air balloon, which allows heated air to escape and maintain the balloon's shape.

By increasing or decreasing the temperature of the air inside the balloon, pilots can control the balloon's altitude.

Hybrid balloons utilize a combination of hot air and a lifting gas, typically helium, to achieve lift, providing advantages such as longer flight durations and higher altitudes.

The nacelle is the basket or gondola attached to a hot air balloon, which carries the pilot, passengers, and equipment.

Long-duration balloons are specifically designed for extended flights, featuring large envelopes and specialized equipment to sustain the balloon in the air for prolonged periods.

Propane is the most commonly used fuel source in hot air balloons due to its availability, portability, and efficient heating capabilities.

Cluster balloons consist of multiple smaller balloons clustered together and attached to a larger balloon, providing increased lift and stability.

Inflation refers to the process of filling a hot air balloon with heated air, causing it to expand and rise.

Roziere balloons combine the principles of hot air and gas balloons, utilizing a combination of heated air and a lifting gas to achieve lift.

Landing refers to the process of bringing a hot air balloon safely back to the ground.

High-altitude balloons are specifically designed to reach extreme altitudes, often used for scientific research and atmospheric studies.

Tethering refers to the process of securing a hot air balloon to the ground using ropes or cables, typically done during inflation or deflation.

Shaped balloons are designed with specific shapes, such as elongated or teardrop shapes, to optimize their performance and payload-carrying capabilities.