Nanotechnology is primarily concerned with the manipulation of materials at the nanoscale, while the production of genetically modified organisms involves genetic engineering techniques.

Nanomaterials can be engineered to improve the solubility, reduce toxicity, and enhance targeted delivery of pesticides and fertilizers, leading to more efficient and environmentally friendly agricultural practices.

Nanospheres are spherical nanomaterials that can be loaded with pesticides or fertilizers and then released in a controlled manner, providing targeted delivery to specific pests or plants.

Nanotechnology can be used to enhance crop production by increasing nutrient uptake efficiency, improving resistance to pests and diseases, and enhancing photosynthetic efficiency, leading to higher yields and improved crop quality.

Nanoscale fertilizers are engineered to release nutrients slowly and in a controlled manner, improving nutrient uptake efficiency and reducing the risk of nutrient leaching.

Nanotechnology offers various approaches to improve plant resistance to pests and diseases, including the development of nanobased pesticides and fungicides, engineering nanomaterials for gene delivery, and creating nanobiosensors for early detection.

Nanobiosensors are engineered to detect specific biological molecules, such as those associated with pests or diseases, enabling early detection and rapid response.

Nanotechnology can be used to improve soil quality by enhancing water retention capacity, improving aeration and drainage, reducing erosion, and remediating contaminated soils.

Superabsorbent polymers are nanomaterials that can absorb and retain large amounts of water, improving the water retention capacity of soil and reducing the need for irrigation.

Nanotechnology offers various approaches to improve soil aeration and drainage, including the creation of nanostructured materials with high porosity, engineering nanomaterials to improve soil structure, and developing nanobased sensors for monitoring soil conditions.

Nanoscale clay minerals can be used to improve soil structure and reduce erosion by binding soil particles together and enhancing soil stability.

Nanotechnology offers various approaches to remediate contaminated soils, including the development of nanobased sensors for detecting contaminants, engineering nanomaterials for targeted delivery of remediation agents, and creating nanostructured materials for immobilizing contaminants.

Nanoscale zero-valent iron particles are commonly used for targeted delivery of remediation agents in contaminated soils due to their ability to reduce and immobilize various contaminants.

The use of nanomaterials in agriculture poses potential environmental risks, including toxicity to non-target organisms, accumulation and persistence in the environment, and alteration of soil microbial communities.

Minimizing the potential risks associated with the use of nanomaterials in agriculture requires a combination of approaches, including conducting thorough risk assessments, developing and implementing appropriate regulations, and promoting the development of safer nanomaterials.