In an embedded economy, economic activities are not seen as separate from other aspects of social life, such as kinship, religion, and politics. Instead, they are deeply intertwined and influence each other.

Primitive communism is characterized by the absence of social stratification, meaning that there are no distinct classes or hierarchies based on wealth or power. This is in contrast to societies with more complex economic systems, where social stratification is often present.

The term 'political economy' gained prominence during the 18th century in Europe, particularly associated with the works of Adam Smith and other classical economists. It marked a shift towards analyzing the relationship between economic and political systems.

Redistribution involves the transfer of resources, such as goods, wealth, or power, from one group or individual to another. This can occur through various mechanisms, such as taxation, social welfare programs, or political power dynamics.

Patron-client relationships are characterized by reciprocity and the exchange of favors between individuals or groups. This involves the provision of resources, support, or protection by a patron in exchange for loyalty, labor, or other forms of support from the client.

Economic rationality in anthropology acknowledges that individuals and groups consider both economic and non-economic factors, such as social norms, cultural values, and political considerations, when making economic decisions.

Gift economies are characterized by the reciprocal exchange of gifts without an immediate economic return. The focus is on building social relationships and maintaining social obligations rather than maximizing economic gain.

Moral economy in anthropology refers to an economic system guided by ethical and moral principles, where economic activities are evaluated based on their social and cultural implications rather than solely on economic efficiency.

Subsistence economies are characterized by the production of goods and services primarily for consumption by the producers themselves, rather than for exchange in the market or for profit maximization.

Political ecology in anthropology examines the interconnections between political power, economic systems, and the environment, exploring how these factors shape each other and influence social and ecological outcomes.

Many economic development theories emphasize promoting economic growth through industrialization, urbanization, and the adoption of modern technologies, with the aim of improving living standards and reducing poverty.

The informal economy in anthropology encompasses economic activities that are not subject to government regulations, taxes, or licensing requirements. These activities may include street vending, home-based businesses, and other forms of unregistered work.

Economic globalization refers to the increasing interconnectedness of economies around the world, characterized by growing trade, investment, and financial flows across borders, leading to interdependence among countries.

Economic inequality in anthropology examines the disparities in income, wealth, and access to resources among individuals or groups within a society, exploring the causes and consequences of these inequalities.

Economic anthropologists often conduct fieldwork, observing and participating in economic activities in different societies, to gain a deep understanding of economic systems and their social and cultural contexts.