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Logical Fallacies

Description: This quiz will test your understanding of logical fallacies, which are errors in reasoning that can lead to incorrect conclusions.
Number of Questions: 15
Created by:
Tags: philosophy logic logical fallacies
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Which of the following is an example of a straw man fallacy?

  1. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  2. Attacking your opponent's character rather than their argument.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A straw man fallacy occurs when you misrepresent your opponent's argument in order to make it easier to attack. This can be done by exaggerating their claims, ignoring their qualifications, or simply changing the subject.

Which of the following is an example of an ad hominem fallacy?

  1. Attacking your opponent's character rather than their argument.

  2. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An ad hominem fallacy occurs when you attack your opponent's character rather than their argument. This can be done by making personal insults, questioning their motives, or simply trying to discredit them.

Which of the following is an example of a tu quoque fallacy?

  1. Responding to an accusation by pointing out that the accuser is also guilty of the same thing.

  2. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A tu quoque fallacy occurs when you respond to an accusation by pointing out that the accuser is also guilty of the same thing. This is a logical fallacy because it does not address the validity of the accusation itself.

Which of the following is an example of a red herring fallacy?

  1. Introducing a new topic or argument that is irrelevant to the main point of the discussion.

  2. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A red herring fallacy occurs when you introduce a new topic or argument that is irrelevant to the main point of the discussion. This can be done in order to distract your opponent, confuse the issue, or simply avoid addressing the main point.

Which of the following is an example of a circular argument?

  1. Assuming that the conclusion of an argument is true in order to prove the conclusion.

  2. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A circular argument occurs when you assume that the conclusion of an argument is true in order to prove the conclusion. This is a logical fallacy because it does not provide any new evidence to support the conclusion.

Which of the following is an example of a slippery slope fallacy?

  1. Assuming that a small change will lead to a series of increasingly negative consequences.

  2. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A slippery slope fallacy occurs when you assume that a small change will lead to a series of increasingly negative consequences. This is a logical fallacy because it is not always the case that a small change will lead to a negative outcome.

Which of the following is an example of a false dichotomy fallacy?

  1. Presenting only two options when there are actually more than two.

  2. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A false dichotomy fallacy occurs when you present only two options when there are actually more than two. This can be done in order to force your opponent to choose between two undesirable options or to make it seem like there is no other choice.

Which of the following is an example of a begging the question fallacy?

  1. Assuming the conclusion of an argument in order to prove the conclusion.

  2. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A begging the question fallacy occurs when you assume the conclusion of an argument in order to prove the conclusion. This is a logical fallacy because it does not provide any new evidence to support the conclusion.

Which of the following is an example of a post hoc ergo propter hoc fallacy?

  1. Assuming that because one event followed another, the first event caused the second event.

  2. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A post hoc ergo propter hoc fallacy occurs when you assume that because one event followed another, the first event caused the second event. This is a logical fallacy because there may be other factors that caused the second event.

Which of the following is an example of a bandwagon fallacy?

  1. Assuming that something is true because everyone else believes it.

  2. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A bandwagon fallacy occurs when you assume that something is true because everyone else believes it. This is a logical fallacy because the popularity of an idea does not necessarily mean that it is true.

Which of the following is an example of a appeal to authority fallacy?

  1. Citing an expert's opinion as evidence to support your argument.

  2. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An appeal to authority fallacy occurs when you cite an expert's opinion as evidence to support your argument. This is a logical fallacy because the expert's opinion is not necessarily true.

Which of the following is an example of a appeal to emotion fallacy?

  1. Using emotional language to persuade your audience to accept your argument.

  2. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An appeal to emotion fallacy occurs when you use emotional language to persuade your audience to accept your argument. This is a logical fallacy because emotional appeals do not necessarily provide evidence to support your argument.

Which of the following is an example of a appeal to ignorance fallacy?

  1. Assuming that something is true because it has not been proven false.

  2. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

An appeal to ignorance fallacy occurs when you assume that something is true because it has not been proven false. This is a logical fallacy because the absence of evidence does not necessarily mean that something is true.

Which of the following is an example of a non sequitur fallacy?

  1. Drawing a conclusion that does not follow logically from the premises.

  2. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A non sequitur fallacy occurs when you draw a conclusion that does not follow logically from the premises. This is a logical fallacy because the conclusion is not supported by the evidence.

Which of the following is an example of a false cause fallacy?

  1. Assuming that one event caused another event without sufficient evidence.

  2. Assuming that your opponent's argument is weaker than it actually is.

  3. Ignoring evidence that contradicts your own position.

  4. Changing the subject of the argument to avoid addressing the main point.

Show answer
Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A false cause fallacy occurs when you assume that one event caused another event without sufficient evidence. This is a logical fallacy because there may be other factors that caused the second event.

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