The principle of non-interference holds that space exploration activities should not cause harm to the environment or to the rights of indigenous peoples.

The duty to obtain the free, prior, and informed consent of indigenous peoples is a fundamental human right that is recognized by international law.

Space exploration activities can have a range of negative impacts on indigenous peoples, including displacement from traditional lands, loss of access to traditional resources, cultural disruption, and spiritual harm.

Space exploration activities can be conducted in a manner that respects the rights of indigenous peoples by consulting with them, obtaining their free, prior, and informed consent, sharing the benefits of space exploration with them, and protecting their cultural and spiritual heritage.

There are a number of challenges to respecting the rights of indigenous peoples in the context of space exploration, including the lack of awareness of the rights of indigenous peoples among space agencies, the difficulty of communicating with indigenous peoples who live in remote areas, the lack of resources to support the participation of indigenous peoples in space exploration activities, and the political and economic interests that may conflict with the rights of indigenous peoples.

Space exploration activities can benefit indigenous peoples in a number of ways, including providing access to new technologies and resources, improving education and healthcare, promoting economic development, and supporting cultural revitalization.

International law provides a number of mechanisms for protecting the rights of indigenous peoples in the context of space exploration, including the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and the Convention on Biological Diversity.

Space agencies can respect the rights of indigenous peoples by consulting with them early and often, obtaining their free, prior, and informed consent, sharing the benefits of space exploration with them, and protecting their cultural and spiritual heritage.

Indigenous peoples can participate in space exploration activities in a number of ways, including providing traditional knowledge and expertise, working as scientists, engineers, and astronauts, developing educational programs about space exploration, and advocating for the rights of indigenous peoples in space exploration.

Indigenous peoples face a number of challenges to their participation in space exploration activities, including the lack of awareness of space exploration opportunities among indigenous peoples, the lack of resources to support their participation, the lack of representation of indigenous peoples in space agencies and other organizations involved in space exploration, and the discrimination and racism that they may face in the space sector.

The space sector can be made more inclusive of indigenous peoples by increasing awareness of space exploration opportunities among indigenous peoples, providing resources to support their participation, increasing the representation of indigenous peoples in space agencies and other organizations involved in space exploration, and addressing the discrimination and racism that they may face in the space sector.

Space exploration activities can be used to promote the rights of indigenous peoples by providing access to new technologies and resources that can improve their lives, supporting the development of indigenous languages and cultures, promoting the recognition of indigenous rights, and raising awareness of the challenges facing indigenous peoples.

The United Nations plays a role in promoting the rights of indigenous peoples in the context of space exploration through a number of bodies, including the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, the United Nations Development Programme, and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

Indigenous peoples can hold space agencies and other organizations involved in space exploration accountable for respecting their rights by filing complaints with international human rights bodies, taking legal action against them, organizing protests and demonstrations, and raising awareness of the rights of indigenous peoples in the context of space exploration.