Data privacy

Data accuracy

Data bias

Data security

Invasion of privacy

Misinformation and propaganda

Discrimination

Improved decision-making

Individuals should be aware of the purpose and intended use of their data before it is collected.

Individuals should have the right to opt out of data collection.

Individuals should be compensated for the use of their data.

All of the above.

Data validation and verification

Regular updates and corrections

Transparency in data collection and processing methods

Intentional manipulation of data to achieve a desired outcome

Data bias

Data discrimination

Data inequality

Data segregation

Misinformed decision-making

Unfair resource allocation

Social injustice

Improved data quality

To review and approve geospatial data collection and dissemination projects.

To provide guidance on ethical issues related to geospatial data.

To investigate and resolve complaints related to geospatial data misuse.

All of the above.

Regular audits and assessments of data bias.

Transparency in data collection and processing methods.

Use of inclusive and representative data sources.

Intentional oversampling of certain groups to ensure equal representation.

It allows users to trace the origin and history of the data.

It helps identify and correct errors in the data.

It facilitates data integration and interoperability.

All of the above.

Improved decision-making

Enhanced transparency and accountability

Increased public trust in geospatial data

Perpetuation of existing biases and inequalities

To collect and disseminate data in a responsible and ethical manner.

To educate users about the ethical implications of geospatial data.

To collaborate with stakeholders to address ethical concerns.

All of the above.

Transparency in data collection and processing methods.

Regular audits and assessments of data bias.

Use of clear and accessible language in data documentation.

Intentional manipulation of data to achieve a desired outcome.

To be aware of the ethical implications of geospatial data.

To use data responsibly and ethically.

To hold data providers accountable for ethical data dissemination.

All of the above.

Lack of awareness about ethical issues.

Insufficient resources for ethical data management.

Conflicting ethical considerations.

Universal agreement on ethical principles.

To ensure that geospatial data is used for the benefit of society.

To protect the privacy and rights of individuals.

To promote transparency and accountability in data use.

All of the above.